Chen Wen-Ling, Tsai Shiau-Ting, Chou Fan-Hao
Department of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Taiwan, ROC.
Department of Nursing, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Taiwan, ROC.
Hu Li Za Zhi. 2015 Feb;62(1):39-49. doi: 10.6224/JN.62.1.39.
The mothers of children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder tend to experience depression at higher levels because of the poor social interaction and deviant behaviors of their children. These depressed mothers often harm themselves and negatively impact their family and community.
This study examines maternal depression and its related factors in the mothers of school-aged children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.
A cross-sectional study with a purposive sampling of 100 mothers of school-age children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder was developed. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire that included the Parenting Stress Index (PSI), social support scale, and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). The Pearson product moment correlation and stepwise multiple regression were used to analyze data.
The findings showed that almost half of the mothers with school-aged ADHD children suffered higher pa-renting stress and that 34% required professional psychiatry referral. In addition, 40% of the participants suffered from depression. Higher levels of parenting stress were associated with a higher incidence of depression (r = .647, p < .001). Participants with better social support had lower depression levels (r = -.327, p < .01). 'Parenting stress' and having a monthly total household income of ≤ NT$40,000 were significant predictors of maternal depression. 'Maternal stress' was the most significant predictor, with a total explained variance of 41.9% (R(2) change = 41.9%).
The results of this study are intended to help medical staff better care for the mothers of school-aged children with ADHD. These results will assist in the evaluation of maternal depression, parenting stress, and levels of required social support. It will especially help in the evaluation of maternal depression symptoms of those mothers of low socioeconomic status with high parenting stress. Providing these mothers with parental training, education on effective parenting and discipline strategies, and better social support may effectively reduce maternal depression, which will help minimize the negative impacts of this depression on the family and the community.
注意力缺陷多动障碍儿童的母亲往往因孩子社交互动不良和行为异常而更容易出现抑郁情绪。这些抑郁的母亲常常伤害自己，并对其家庭和社区产生负面影响。
本研究调查患有注意力缺陷多动障碍的学龄儿童母亲的产后抑郁情况及其相关因素。
采用横断面研究，通过立意抽样选取100名患有注意力缺陷多动障碍的学龄儿童的母亲。使用结构化问卷收集数据，问卷包括育儿压力指数（PSI）、社会支持量表和贝克抑郁量表（BDI）。采用Pearson积差相关和逐步多元回归分析数据。
研究结果表明，近一半患有注意力缺陷多动障碍学龄儿童的母亲承受着较高的育儿压力，34%的母亲需要专业精神科转诊。此外，40%的参与者患有抑郁症。较高的育儿压力与较高的抑郁症发病率相关（r = 0.647，p < 0.001）。社会支持较好的参与者抑郁水平较低（r = -0.327，p < 0.01）。“育儿压力”和家庭月总收入≤新台币40,000元是母亲抑郁的显著预测因素。“母亲压力”是最显著的预测因素，总解释方差为41.9%（R²变化 = 41.9%）。
本研究结果旨在帮助医护人员更好地照顾患有注意力缺陷多动障碍的学龄儿童的母亲。这些结果将有助于评估母亲的抑郁、育儿压力和所需的社会支持水平。这将特别有助于评估那些社会经济地位较低且育儿压力较高的母亲的产后抑郁症状。为这些母亲提供育儿培训、有效育儿和管教策略教育以及更好的社会支持可能会有效减轻母亲的抑郁，这将有助于最大限度地减少这种抑郁对家庭和社区的负面影响。
