美国接近青春期女孩的子宫内香烟烟雾、环境烟草烟雾及生殖激素暴露情况。
In utero exposure to cigarette smoking, environmental tobacco smoke and reproductive hormones in US girls approaching puberty.
作者信息
Gollenberg Audra L, Addo O Yaw, Zhang Zhiwei, Hediger Mary L, Himes John H, Lee Peter A
机构信息
Public Health Program, College of Arts and Sciences, Shenandoah University, Winchester, Va., USA.
出版信息
Horm Res Paediatr. 2015;83(1):36-44. doi: 10.1159/000369168. Epub 2015 Jan 24.
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Evidence is unclear whether prenatal smoking affects age at menarche and pubertal development, and its impact upon hormones has not been well studied. We aim to identify potential pathways through which prenatal smoking and environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) affect reproductive hormones in girls approaching puberty.
METHODS
We examined the association between prenatal smoking, current ETS and luteinizing hormone (LH) and inhibin B (InB) in 6- to 11-year-old girls in the 3rd National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1994. Parents/guardians completed interviewer-assisted questionnaires on health and demographics at the time of physical examination. Residual blood samples were analyzed for reproductive hormones in 2008.
RESULTS
Of 660 girls, 19 and 39% were exposed to prenatal smoke and current ETS, respectively. Accounting for multiple pathways in structural equation models, prenatally exposed girls had significantly lower LH (β = -0.205 log-mIU/ml, p < 0.0001) and InB (β = -0.162, log-pg/ml, p < 0.0001). Prenatal smoking also influenced LH positively and InB negatively indirectly through BMI-for-age. ETS was positively associated with LH, but not with InB.
CONCLUSION
Exposure to maternal smoking may disrupt reproductive development manifesting in altered hormone levels near puberty.
背景/目的：产前吸烟是否会影响初潮年龄和青春期发育，目前证据尚不明确，且其对激素的影响也未得到充分研究。我们旨在确定产前吸烟和环境烟草烟雾（ETS）影响接近青春期女孩生殖激素的潜在途径。
方法
在1988 - 1994年第三次全国健康和营养检查调查中，我们研究了6至11岁女孩产前吸烟、当前ETS暴露与促黄体生成素（LH）和抑制素B（InB）之间的关联。父母/监护人在体格检查时完成了由访员协助的关于健康和人口统计学的问卷。2008年对留存的血样进行生殖激素分析。
结果
在660名女孩中，分别有19%和39%暴露于产前烟雾和当前ETS。在结构方程模型中考虑多种途径后，产前暴露的女孩LH水平显著较低（β = -0.205 log - mIU/ml，p < 0.0001），InB水平也显著较低（β = -0.162，log - pg/ml，p < 0.0001）。产前吸烟还通过年龄别体重指数（BMI）对LH产生正向间接影响，对InB产生负向间接影响。ETS与LH呈正相关，但与InB无关。
结论
母亲吸烟暴露可能会扰乱生殖发育，表现为青春期附近激素水平改变。
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