Concussion and trauma in young athletes: prevention, treatment, and return-to-play.

This article discusses the relative risk of concussion/mild traumatic brain injury in school-aged children competing in athletics. It covers the initial assessment and diagnosis of concussion/mild traumatic brain injury. It also discusses the appropriate monitoring of any ongoing symptoms, and how to identify and address prolonged symptomatology. Finally, the current practice guidelines for return-to-play criteria are discussed, as well as the assessment of an athlete's risk of suffering from second impact syndrome.