儿童及青少年注意力缺陷多动障碍的管理

Managing attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents.

作者信息

McClain Elizabeth K, Burks Erin Jewell

机构信息

Department of Primary Care Medicine, Kansas City University of Medicine and Biosciences College of Osteopathic Medicine, 1750 Independence Avenue, Kansas City, MO 64106, USA.

Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, 1000 E. 24th Street, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA.

出版信息

Prim Care. 2015 Mar;42(1):99-112. doi: 10.1016/j.pop.2014.09.014. Epub 2014 Dec 18.

DOI:10.1016/j.pop.2014.09.014

PMID:25634708

Abstract

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most frequently diagnosed neurodevelopmental disorder; 6.4 million children and adolescents have been diagnosed with ADHD as of 2011. However, only 3.5 million children and adolescents are taking medication for ADHD. Adolescents with ADHD are much less willing to pursue or adhere to medication or psychosocial therapy, often because of their perceptions of side effects or perceived value of treatment, which places them at greater risk for difficulties at school, work, and home environments. Providing adolescents with increased autonomy through patient-centered approaches can increase their involvement and ability to manage their ADHD symptoms and treatment.

摘要

注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）是最常被诊断出的神经发育障碍；截至2011年，已有640万儿童和青少年被诊断患有ADHD。然而，只有350万儿童和青少年正在接受ADHD药物治疗。患有ADHD的青少年更不愿意寻求或坚持药物治疗或心理社会治疗，这通常是因为他们对副作用的看法或对治疗价值的认知，这使他们在学校、工作和家庭环境中面临更大的困难风险。通过以患者为中心的方法为青少年提供更多自主权，可以提高他们对ADHD症状和治疗的参与度及管理能力。