Graw J, Gopinath P M, Bors W, Michel C, Summer H K
Institut für Säugetiergenetik, Gesellschaft für Strahlen- und Umweltforschung (GSF), Neuherberg, West Germany.
Exp Eye Res. 1989 Jan;48(1):1-9. doi: 10.1016/0014-4835(89)90013-4.
Cataractogenesis was studied in young rats homozygous for the radiation-induced recessive cataract mutation cat. Homozygous cat/cat rats have reduced body weight (about two-thirds of the wild type) when 3 weeks old. The litter size is also diminished to about two-thirds of the wild type. For lens-specific parameters, as compared with homozygous wild type, the wet weight of the cataractous lenses is reduced, although the concentration of water-soluble lens proteins per wet weight is the same. No major alterations could be detected in the pattern of the water-soluble lens proteins separated by isoelectric focusing or gel electrophoresis run with or without mercaptoethanol. Additionally, no statistically significant alterations could be detected in the biochemical parameters of the lens used as indicators for osmotic stress (water content of the lens and the Na+-K+-dependent ATPase), for the energy state (ATP) and for the redox state (oxidized glutathione and superoxide dismutase). In contrast, the activity of transglutaminase is significantly enhanced in lenses as well as in the liver of young cat-rats, which might be understood as a biochemical marker for alterations in the developmental program. Cataractogenesis in the cat-rat is, therefore, suggested to be part of a syndrome including dwarfism and reduced litter size.
对辐射诱导的隐性白内障突变cat纯合的幼鼠进行了白内障发生的研究。纯合的cat/cat大鼠在3周龄时体重减轻（约为野生型的三分之二）。窝仔数也减少到野生型的约三分之二。就晶状体特异性参数而言，与纯合野生型相比，白内障晶状体的湿重降低，尽管每湿重的水溶性晶状体蛋白浓度相同。在用或不用巯基乙醇进行等电聚焦或凝胶电泳分离的水溶性晶状体蛋白模式中，未检测到重大改变。此外，在用作渗透应激指标（晶状体含水量和钠钾依赖性ATP酶）、能量状态（ATP）和氧化还原状态（氧化型谷胱甘肽和超氧化物歧化酶）的晶状体生化参数中，未检测到统计学上的显著改变。相反，转谷氨酰胺酶的活性在幼猫大鼠的晶状体以及肝脏中显著增强，这可能被视为发育程序改变的生化标志物。因此，猫大鼠的白内障发生被认为是包括侏儒症和窝仔数减少在内的综合征的一部分。
