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基层医疗中无痴呆的老年人群中心境障碍的流行情况 [已更正]。

Prevalence of mental disorders in non-demented elderly people in primary care [corrected].

机构信息

Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu,Spain;Spanish Network of Research on Preventive Activities and Health Promotion in Primary Care,Sant Boi de Llobregat,Barcelona,Spain.

Faculty of Health Sciences,University of Sydney,Center for Disability Research and Policy,Brain and Mind Research Institute,Sydney,Australia;Sant Joan de Déu Foundation;Spanish Network of Research on Preventive Activities and Health Promotion in Primary Care,Sant Boi de Llobregat,Barcelona,Spain.

出版信息

Int Psychogeriatr. 2015 May;27(5):757-68. doi: 10.1017/S1041610214002841. Epub 2015 Feb 3.

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Mental disorders in the elderly are common, with a 12-month prevalence in the community ranging from 8.54% to 26.4%. Unfortunately, many mental disorders are unrecognized, untreated, and associated with poor health outcomes. The aim of this paper is to describe the prevalence of mental disorders in the elderly primary care (PC) population and its associated factors by age groups.

METHODS

Cross-sectional survey, conducted in 77 PC centers in Catalonia (Spain), 1,192 patients over 65 years old. The prevalence of mental disorders was assessed through face-to-face evaluations using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders, Research Version (SCID-I-RV) and the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI); chronic physical conditions were noted using a checklist; and disability through the Sheehan Disability Scales (SDS).

RESULTS

Nearly 20% of participants had a mental disorder in the previous 12 months. Anxiety disorders were the most frequent, (10.9%) (95% CI = 8.2-14.4), followed by mood disorders (7.4%) (95% CI = 5.7-9.5). Being female, greater perceived stress and having mental health/emotional problems as the main reason for consultation were associated with the presence of any mental disorder. There were no differences in prevalence across age groups. Somatic comorbidity was not associated with the presence of mental disorders.

CONCLUSIONS

Mental disorders are highly prevalent among the elderly in PC in Spain. Efforts are needed to develop strategies to reduce this prevalence and improve the well-being of the elderly. Based on our results, we thought it might be useful to assess perceived stress regularly in PC, focusing on people who consult for emotional distress, or that have greater perceived stress.

摘要

背景

老年人的精神障碍很常见,社区中 12 个月的患病率在 8.54%至 26.4%之间。不幸的是,许多精神障碍未被识别、未得到治疗,且与较差的健康结局相关。本文的目的是描述老年人初级保健(PC)人群中精神障碍的患病率及其与年龄组的相关因素。

方法

在西班牙加泰罗尼亚的 77 个 PC 中心进行了横断面调查,共有 1192 名 65 岁以上的患者。通过使用 DSM-IV 轴 I 障碍研究版的结构临床访谈(SCID-I-RV)和迷你国际神经精神访谈(MINI)进行面对面评估来评估精神障碍的患病率;使用清单记录慢性躯体疾病;使用 Sheehan 残疾量表(SDS)评估残疾情况。

结果

近 20%的参与者在过去 12 个月内患有精神障碍。焦虑障碍最为常见,占 10.9%(95%CI=8.2-14.4),其次是心境障碍,占 7.4%(95%CI=5.7-9.5)。女性、更大的感知压力以及将心理健康/情绪问题作为就诊的主要原因与任何精神障碍的存在相关。各年龄组之间的患病率没有差异。躯体共病与精神障碍的存在无关。

结论

在西班牙的 PC 中,老年人的精神障碍患病率很高。需要努力制定策略来降低这一患病率,改善老年人的幸福感。基于我们的结果,我们认为在 PC 中定期评估感知压力可能会有所帮助,重点关注因情绪困扰或感知压力较大而就诊的人群。

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