Aboalshamat Khalid, Hou Xiang-Yu, Strodl Esben
Queensland University of Technology, Australia & Umm Al-Qura University , Saudi Arabia.
Med Teach. 2015 Apr;37 Suppl 1:S75-81. doi: 10.3109/0142159X.2015.1006612. Epub 2015 Feb 4.
Medical and dental students experience poor psychological well-being relative to their peers. This study aimed to assess the psychological well-being among medical and dental students in Saudi Arabia, identify the high-risk groups and assess the association between the psychological well-being and the academic performance.
In this cross-sectional study, 422 preclinical medical and dental students at Umm Al-Qura University, Saudi Arabia, were recruited to assess their depression, anxiety, stress, self-efficacy and satisfaction with life levels using 21-items Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21), General Self-Efficacy (GSE) scale and Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS). Students' academic weighted grades were obtained later. Descriptive statistics and univariate general linear model were used to analyse data.
High levels of depression (69.9%), anxiety (66.4%) and stress (70.9%) were indicated, whereas self-efficacy (mean = 27.22, sd = 4.85) and life satisfaction (mean = 23.60, sd = 6.37) were within the normal range. Female medical students had higher psychological distress in contrast to dental students. In general, third-year students were more depressed and stressed in comparison with second-year students, except for stress among dental students. Moreover, all females had higher self-efficacy than males. Life satisfaction was higher within the second-year and high family income students. Depression was the only psychological variable correlated with the academic performance.
High levels of psychological distress were found. Female medical students had higher psychological distress than males, whereas male dental students had higher distress than female. Medical students at third year were more depressed and stressed. Dental students were more depressed in the third year, but more stressed in the second year. Attention should be directed towards reducing the alarming levels of depression, anxiety and stress among medical and dental students.
与同龄人相比，医学和牙科专业学生的心理健康状况较差。本研究旨在评估沙特阿拉伯医学和牙科专业学生的心理健康状况，确定高危人群，并评估心理健康与学业成绩之间的关联。
在这项横断面研究中，招募了沙特阿拉伯乌姆古拉大学的422名临床前医学和牙科专业学生，使用21项抑郁焦虑压力量表（DASS-21）、一般自我效能量表（GSE）和生活满意度量表（SWLS）来评估他们的抑郁、焦虑、压力、自我效能感和生活满意度水平。随后获取了学生的学业加权成绩。采用描述性统计和单变量一般线性模型进行数据分析。
结果显示，抑郁（69.9%）、焦虑（66.4%）和压力（70.9%）水平较高，而自我效能感（均值 = 27.22，标准差 = 4.85）和生活满意度（均值 = 23.60，标准差 = 6.37）在正常范围内。与牙科专业学生相比，女医学生的心理困扰更高。总体而言，除了牙科专业学生的压力情况外，三年级学生比二年级学生更抑郁、压力更大。此外，所有女性的自我效能感均高于男性。二年级和家庭收入高的学生生活满意度更高。抑郁是唯一与学业成绩相关的心理变量。
发现心理困扰水平较高。女医学生的心理困扰高于男学生，而男牙科专业学生的困扰高于女学生。三年级医学生更抑郁、压力更大。牙科专业学生在三年级时更抑郁，但在二年级时压力更大。应关注降低医学和牙科专业学生中令人担忧的抑郁、焦虑和压力水平。
