Krikken Janneke B, de Jongh Ad, Veerkamp Jaap S J, Vogels Wilma, Cate Jacob M Ten, van Wijk Arjen J
Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2015 Jul;52(4):e73-80. doi: 10.1597/12-262. Epub 2015 Feb 4.
To determine changes in dental anxiety levels of cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) children and to explore the role of coping strategies in the development of their dental anxiety.
Prospective study.
Free University Medical Center Amsterdam.
A sample of CL/P children (at T1: n = 153, 4 to 18 years, 67 girls; at T2: n = 113, 7 to 21 years, 51 girls). Data were available at both time points for 102 children.
Dental anxiety and coping strategies were assessed at the start of the study (T1; mean age: 9.8 years, standard deviation 4.1) and 3 years later (T2; mean age: 13.4 years, standard deviation 3.8). These scores were compared to a normative group of Dutch children.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): The severity of dental anxiety was indexed using the Parental Version of the Dental Subscale of the Children's Fear Survey Schedule. Dental coping strategies were assessed with the Dental Cope Questionnaire.
Overall, dental anxiety decreased to a level equal to normative scores of Dutch children. However, 5% of the children became more anxious. At T2, children used significantly fewer coping strategies. Children whose level of dental anxiety increased significantly used more destructive coping strategies than children whose level of dental anxiety decreased significantly or remained stable.
Results suggest that dental anxiety levels of most CL/P children gradually decline over time. Whereas some coping strategies have the potential to be protective, more destructive coping strategies may put children at greater risk for developing and maintaining their dental anxiety.
确定唇腭裂（CL/P）儿童牙科焦虑水平的变化，并探讨应对策略在其牙科焦虑发展中的作用。
前瞻性研究。
阿姆斯特丹自由大学医学中心。
CL/P儿童样本（T1时：n = 153，4至18岁，67名女孩；T2时：n = 113，7至21岁，51名女孩）。102名儿童在两个时间点均有数据。
在研究开始时（T1；平均年龄：9.8岁，标准差4.1）和3年后（T2；平均年龄：13.4岁，标准差3.8）评估牙科焦虑和应对策略。将这些分数与一组荷兰儿童的常模进行比较。
使用儿童恐惧调查量表牙科分量表的家长版对牙科焦虑的严重程度进行评分。用牙科应对问卷评估牙科应对策略。
总体而言，牙科焦虑降至与荷兰儿童常模分数相当的水平。然而，5%的儿童变得更加焦虑。在T2时，儿童使用的应对策略明显减少。牙科焦虑水平显著增加的儿童比牙科焦虑水平显著降低或保持稳定的儿童使用更多的消极应对策略。
结果表明，大多数CL/P儿童的牙科焦虑水平会随着时间逐渐下降。虽然一些应对策略可能具有保护作用，但更多消极的应对策略可能会使儿童在产生和维持牙科焦虑方面面临更大风险。
