Szinovacz Maximiliane E, Davey Adam, Martin Lauren
University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, USA
Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Res Aging. 2015 Apr;37(3):275-305. doi: 10.1177/0164027514530171. Epub 2014 Apr 22.
The recent recession constitutes one of the macro forces that may have influenced workers' retirement plans. We evaluate a multilevel model that addresses the influence of macro-, meso-, and micro-level factors on retirement plans, changes in these plans, and expected retirement age. Using data from Waves 8 and 9 of the Health and Retirement Study (N=2,618), we find that individuals with defined benefit plans are more prone to change toward plans to stop work before the stock market declined, whereas the opposite trend holds for those without pensions. Debts, ability to reduce work hours, and firm unionization also influenced retirement plans. Findings suggest retirement planning education may be particularly important for workers without defined pensions, especially in times of economic volatility.
近期的经济衰退是可能影响工人退休计划的宏观因素之一。我们评估了一个多层次模型,该模型探讨了宏观、中观和微观层面因素对退休计划、这些计划的变化以及预期退休年龄的影响。利用健康与退休研究第8波和第9波的数据(N = 2618),我们发现,拥有固定收益计划的个人在股市下跌之前更倾向于转向停止工作的计划,而没有养老金的人则呈现相反的趋势。债务、减少工作时间的能力以及公司工会化也对退休计划产生了影响。研究结果表明,退休规划教育对于没有固定养老金的工人可能尤为重要,尤其是在经济波动时期。