Chu Sang Hui, Baek Ji Won, Kim Eun Sook, Stefani Katherine M, Lee Won Joon, Park Yeong-Ran, Youm Yoosik, Kim Hyeon Chang
Department of Clinical Nursing Science, Nursing Policy Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Nursing, Seoul, Korea.
Department of Sociology, Yonsei University College of Social Sciences, Seoul, Korea.
J Prev Med Public Health. 2015 Jan;48(1):38-47. doi: 10.3961/jpmph.14.043. Epub 2015 Jan 14.
Controlling blood pressure is a key step in reducing cardiovascular mortality in older adults. Gender differences in patients' attitudes after disease diagnosis and their management of the disease have been identified. However, it is unclear whether gender differences exist in hypertension management among older adults. We hypothesized that gender differences would exist among factors associated with hypertension diagnosis and control among community-dwelling, older adults.
This cross-sectional study analyzed data from 653 Koreans aged ≥60 years who participated in the Korean Social Life, Health, and Aging Project. Multiple logistic regression was used to compare several variables between undiagnosed and diagnosed hypertension, and between uncontrolled and controlled hypertension.
Diabetes was more prevalent in men and women who had uncontrolled hypertension than those with controlled hypertension or undiagnosed hypertension. High body mass index was significantly associated with uncontrolled hypertension only in men. Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that in women, awareness of one's blood pressure level (odds ratio [OR], 2.86; p=0.003) and the number of blood pressure checkups over the previous year (OR, 1.06; p=0.011) might influence the likelihood of being diagnosed with hypertension. More highly educated women were more likely to have controlled hypertension than non-educated women (OR, 5.23; p=0.013).
This study suggests that gender differences exist among factors associated with hypertension diagnosis and control in the study population of community-dwelling, older adults. Education-based health promotion strategies for hypertension control might be more effective in elderly women than in elderly men. Gender-specific approaches may be required to effectively control hypertension among older adults.
控制血压是降低老年人心血管疾病死亡率的关键步骤。已发现患者在疾病诊断后的态度及其对疾病的管理存在性别差异。然而，尚不清楚老年人高血压管理中是否存在性别差异。我们假设在社区居住的老年人中，与高血压诊断和控制相关的因素存在性别差异。
这项横断面研究分析了653名年龄≥60岁的韩国人参与韩国社会生活、健康与老龄化项目的数据。采用多因素logistic回归比较未诊断和已诊断高血压患者，以及血压未控制和已控制患者之间的几个变量。
与血压得到控制或未被诊断为高血压的男性和女性相比，血压未得到控制的男性和女性患糖尿病更为普遍。高体重指数仅在男性中与血压未得到控制显著相关。多因素logistic回归分析表明，在女性中，对自身血压水平的知晓情况（比值比[OR]，2.86；p = 0.003）以及上一年的血压检查次数（OR，1.06；p = 0.011）可能会影响被诊断为高血压的可能性。受教育程度较高的女性比未受过教育的女性更有可能血压得到控制（OR，5.23；p = 0.013）。
本研究表明，在社区居住的老年人群中，与高血压诊断和控制相关的因素存在性别差异。基于教育的高血压控制健康促进策略对老年女性可能比对老年男性更有效。可能需要针对不同性别的方法来有效控制老年人的高血压。
