Hoevenaren G A Linda, Kloosterman Sanne F, Kingma Marleen L, Sprij Arwen J
Hagaziekenhuis, Juliana Kinderziekenhuis, Den Haag.
Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 2015;159:A8408.
Haemoptysis, coughing up blood from the respiratory tract distal to the vocal cords, is a rare symptom in children, and the cause is difficult to determine. The symptom can cause anxiety for the child, parents and treating physician.
We describe two cases of adolescents who presented at the Accident and Emergency Unit with acute onset dyspnoea and haemoptysis. In patient A, the haemoptysis was caused by tuberculosis, a known but rare cause of haemoptysis in the Netherlands. Patient B was found to have pseudohaemoptysis, which always has to be differentiated from haemoptysis.
Although haemoptysis in children is usually mild and self-limiting, knowledge about the possible underlying causes and necessary diagnostic workup is essential in order to reach the right diagnosis promptly and start appropriate treatment in case of life threatening haemoptysis.
咯血，即从声带远端的呼吸道咳出的血液，是儿童罕见的症状，病因难以确定。该症状会使儿童、家长及主治医生感到焦虑。
我们描述了两例青少年病例，他们在急诊科因急性起病的呼吸困难和咯血就诊。在患者A中，咯血由结核病引起，这在荷兰是已知但罕见的咯血原因。患者B被发现患有假性咯血，这总是需要与咯血相鉴别。
尽管儿童咯血通常症状较轻且具有自限性，但了解可能的潜在病因及必要的诊断检查对于及时做出正确诊断并在出现危及生命的咯血时开始适当治疗至关重要。
