Izuno Hiromi, Hori Kazuhiro, Sawada Misao, Fukuda Masayo, Hatayama Chikako, Ito Kayoko, Nomura Yoshio, Inoue Makoto
Division of Dysphagia Rehabilitation, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan.
Department of Oral Health, Kobe Tokiwa Junior College, Kobe, Japan.
Gerodontology. 2016 Dec;33(4):470-479. doi: 10.1111/ger.12186. Epub 2015 Feb 9.
The aim of the present study was to quantify the relation between physical fitness and oral function, including tongue and lip movements.
Physical fitness and oral function influence quality of life and activities of daily living in older individuals. Occlusal contact and mastication performance are associated with physical fitness, but the association between tongue and lip movements and physical fitness is unclear.
Sixty-six independent community-dwelling older individuals (24 men, 42 women; mean age, 70.3 ± 5.9 years) participated in this study. Measures of physical fitness were the one-leg standing time with eyes open, the functional reach test, anteflexion, the timed up and go test, and grip strength. Measures of oral function were tongue pressure, lip pressure, tongue movement from side to side, the repetitive saliva-swallowing test (RSST), oral diadochokinesis and masticatory efficiency. Multiple regression analysis was used to quantify the relation between physical fitness and oral function.
After adjustment for age, sex, BMI, exercise habits and number of remaining teeth, the tongue movement from side to side and/or oral diadochokinesis were chosen as significant factors in each physical fitness measurement. Furthermore, the lip pressure and masticatory efficiency were associated with handgrip strength.
Oral function, including tongue and lip movements, was associated with physical fitness in older people in this study. Tongue dexterity as characterised by tongue movement from side to side and oral diadochokinesis particularly associated with physical fitness.
本研究旨在量化身体素质与口腔功能（包括舌和唇运动）之间的关系。
身体素质和口腔功能会影响老年人的生活质量和日常生活活动。咬合接触和咀嚼性能与身体素质相关，但舌和唇运动与身体素质之间的关联尚不清楚。
66名独立居住在社区的老年人（24名男性，42名女性；平均年龄70.3±5.9岁）参与了本研究。身体素质的测量指标包括睁眼单腿站立时间、功能性伸展测试、前屈、定时起立行走测试和握力。口腔功能的测量指标包括舌压、唇压、舌的左右运动、重复唾液吞咽测试（RSST）、口腔轮替运动速率和咀嚼效率。采用多元回归分析来量化身体素质与口腔功能之间的关系。
在对年龄、性别、体重指数、运动习惯和剩余牙齿数量进行调整后，舌的左右运动和/或口腔轮替运动速率在每项身体素质测量中均被选为显著因素。此外，唇压和咀嚼效率与握力相关。
在本研究中，包括舌和唇运动在内的口腔功能与老年人的身体素质相关。以舌的左右运动和口腔轮替运动速率为特征的舌灵活性尤其与身体素质相关。
