Mukhopadhyayi Prabir, Vinzuda Vipul, Sriram Rajesh, Doiphode Amol
Indian Institute of Information Technology Design and Manufacturing Jabalpur, Khamaria, Madhya Pradesh, India.
J Hum Ergol (Tokyo). 2012 Dec;41(1-2):83-94.
Chakdos in Western Indian state of Gujarat are makeshift vehicles for public transport. Such a vehicle was selected for ergonomic analysis. The objective of this study was to evaluate the design of the existing vehicle from an ergonomic viewpoint and to redesign it from an ergonomic perspective. Twelve different trips were made for the entire stretch of a journey of 12 kilometers on different vehicles. In general, the access to the vehicle was a severe problem for females, children and elderly people. The median and interquartile ranges for design and related issues and postural discomfort scores were calculated for the male and female passengers separately. The seating area was uncom- fortable for the males, and for the females the median score for its design was at 4.0 indicating a gross mismatch between the seat design and the passengers. The females felt that the presence of a vertical grab rail would be very helpful, and this design factor had a high median score of 5.0 indicating its absolute necessity in the vehicle. Postural discomfort scores were measured on an 8-point scale ranging from 0 to 7, where 0 indicated "no discomfort" and 7 indicated "extreme discomfort". The male passengers had the highest median discomfort on the left side of the buttocks at 6.5 and for the females for the same zone it was at 7.0 indicating again a high degree of mismatch between the body parts and the vehicle design. In the proposed design, an attempt has been made to make the vehicle more user-friendly by proposing a new type of seating system and improving the access to the vehicle based on cognitive and physical ergonomics issues of the users.
印度西部古吉拉特邦的查克多斯是公共交通的临时车辆。选择了这样一辆车进行人体工程学分析。本研究的目的是从人体工程学角度评估现有车辆的设计，并从人体工程学角度对其进行重新设计。在不同车辆上，沿着12公里的全程进行了12次不同的行程。总体而言，女性、儿童和老年人上车非常困难。分别计算了男性和女性乘客在设计及相关问题和姿势不适评分方面的中位数和四分位间距。男性觉得座位区域不舒服，而女性对座位设计的中位数评分为4.0，表明座位设计与乘客严重不匹配。女性认为设置垂直扶手会很有帮助，这一设计因素的中位数评分为5.0，表明在车辆中绝对有必要设置。姿势不适评分采用0至7的8分制，其中0表示“无不适”，7表示“极度不适”。男性乘客在左臀部的不适中位数最高，为6.5，而女性在同一区域的不适中位数为7.0，再次表明身体部位与车辆设计之间存在高度不匹配。在拟议的设计中，基于用户的认知和物理人体工程学问题提出了一种新型座位系统，并改善了上车条件，以使车辆对用户更加友好。
