Holt Rebecca E, Jørgensen Christian
Department of Biology, University of Bergen, PO Box 7803, Bergen 5020, Norway
Uni Research, PO Box 7810, Bergen 5020, Norway.
Biol Lett. 2015 Feb;11(2):20141032. doi: 10.1098/rsbl.2014.1032.
The difference between maximum metabolic rate and standard metabolic rate is referred to as aerobic scope, and because it constrains performance it is suggested to constitute a key limiting process prescribing how fish may cope with or adapt to climate warming. We use an evolutionary bioenergetics model for Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) to predict optimal life histories and behaviours at different temperatures. The model assumes common trade-offs and predicts that optimal temperatures for growth and fitness lie below that for aerobic scope; aerobic scope is thus a poor predictor of fitness at high temperatures. Initially, warming expands aerobic scope, allowing for faster growth and increased reproduction. Beyond the optimal temperature for fitness, increased metabolic requirements intensify foraging and reduce survival; oxygen budgeting conflicts thus constrain successful completion of the life cycle. The model illustrates how physiological adaptations are part of a suite of traits that have coevolved.
最大代谢率与标准代谢率之间的差异被称为有氧代谢范围，由于它限制了鱼类的表现，因此有人认为它构成了一个关键的限制过程，规定了鱼类应对或适应气候变暖的方式。我们使用一个针对大西洋鳕鱼（Gadus morhua）的进化生物能量学模型来预测不同温度下的最佳生活史和行为。该模型假设了常见的权衡，并预测生长和适合度的最佳温度低于有氧代谢范围的最佳温度；因此，有氧代谢范围在高温下对适合度的预测能力较差。起初，升温会扩大有氧代谢范围，使生长加快、繁殖增加。超过适合度的最佳温度后，代谢需求的增加会加剧觅食并降低存活率；因此，氧气预算冲突会限制生命周期的成功完成。该模型说明了生理适应是如何成为一组共同进化的性状的一部分的。
