Hubacher David
FHI 360, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Indian J Med Res. 2014 Nov;140 Suppl(Suppl 1):S53-7.
The relationship between use of an intrauterine device (IUD) and pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) has been studied extensively over the past 50 years. Previous research has led to considerable controversy and debate. Numerous limitations in the studies make it difficult to draw any firm conclusions from the past research or to design new approaches to study the topic. The main research barriers include uncertainty of infection/diagnoses, and inappropriate comparison groups for IUD users. Natural history studies of the aetiology of disease and observational research among IUD users suggest that the risk of PID is very low. Research linking previous IUD use to the more distant endpoint of tubal infertility reveals that the risks may be even lower than the risks of PID.
在过去50年里,宫内节育器(IUD)的使用与盆腔炎(PID)之间的关系得到了广泛研究。以往的研究引发了相当多的争议和辩论。这些研究存在诸多局限性,使得难以从过去的研究中得出任何确凿结论,也难以设计新的方法来研究该主题。主要的研究障碍包括感染/诊断的不确定性,以及宫内节育器使用者的对照组设置不当。疾病病因的自然史研究和宫内节育器使用者的观察性研究表明,盆腔炎的风险非常低。将既往使用宫内节育器与输卵管性不孕这一更为远期的终点联系起来的研究显示,其风险可能甚至低于盆腔炎的风险。