Tsuda Hiroko, Moritsuchi Yasutaka, Higuchi Yoshinori, Tsuda Toru
General Dentistry, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan.
Sleep Center, Kirigaoka Tsuda Hospital, Kitakyushu, Japan.
Gerodontology. 2016 Sep;33(3):416-20. doi: 10.1111/ger.12184. Epub 2015 Feb 10.
Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is associated with a variety of adverse health outcomes. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is considered first-line treatment for sleep apnoea patients, but there are few studies on oral health in patients with OSA who are using CPAP.
This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of oral symptoms and interest in alternative treatments such as oral appliance (OA) therapy in CPAP users.
A questionnaire was used to ascertain oral health including denture use, oral symptoms at present and since the start of CPAP, and interest in OA therapy. Relevant demographic and clinical data were collected from medical records.
The 744 participants who completed the questionnaire had following characteristics (mean ± standard deviation): age (55.1 ± 12.9 years); apnoea-hypopnoea index (40.9 ± 23.2/h); body mass index (27.9 ± 5.2 kg/m(2) ) and length of CPAP usage (49.1 ± 30.7 months); halitosis (30.4%); and gingival bleeding (27.5%). Nearly half (44.6%) complained of dry mouth since beginning CPAP therapy. Patients with diabetes were older (57.8 ± 11.9 vs. 54.2 ± 12.8 years), had a higher rate of denture use (28.3 vs. 19.0%), more dental clinic visits (71.4 vs. 58.7%) and more oral symptoms (50.0 vs. 38.2%) than non-diabetes patients (p < 0.05). Thirty-eight per cent of subjects were interested in OA therapy.
This study exhibited that almost 40% of CPAP users had oral symptoms. In particular, OSA patients with diabetes may be at high risk of oral disease.
阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）与多种不良健康后果相关。持续气道正压通气（CPAP）被认为是睡眠呼吸暂停患者的一线治疗方法，但对于使用CPAP的OSA患者的口腔健康研究较少。
本研究旨在评估CPAP使用者的口腔症状患病率以及对口腔矫治器（OA）治疗等替代治疗方法的兴趣。
使用问卷来确定口腔健康状况，包括假牙使用情况、当前及开始使用CPAP以来的口腔症状，以及对OA治疗的兴趣。从病历中收集相关的人口统计学和临床数据。
完成问卷的744名参与者具有以下特征（均值±标准差）：年龄（55.1±12.9岁）；呼吸暂停低通气指数（40.9±23.2次/小时）；体重指数（27.9±5.2kg/m²）以及CPAP使用时长（49.1±30.7个月）；口臭（30.4%）；牙龈出血（27.5%）。自开始CPAP治疗以来，近一半（44.6%）的患者抱怨口干。糖尿病患者比非糖尿病患者年龄更大（57.8±11.9岁对54.2±12.8岁），假牙使用率更高（28.3%对19.0%），看牙科诊所的次数更多（71.4%对58.7%），口腔症状更多（50.0%对38.2%）（p<0.05）。38%的受试者对OA治疗感兴趣。
本研究表明，近40%的CPAP使用者有口腔症状。特别是，患有糖尿病的OSA患者可能患口腔疾病的风险较高。
