Dörner G
Ciba Found Symp. 1978(62):81-112.
Male rats castrated on the first day of life exhibited predominantly heterotypical (homosexual) behaviour after androgen substitution in adulthood. In addition, an increased evocability of a positive feedback effect of oestrogen was observed in such genetic males. In homosexual men, an increased evocability of a positive oestrogen feedback on luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion was also found as compared to heterosexual men. These findings suggest that male homosexuality may be based, at least in part, on andogen deficiency during a critical period of brain differentiation. In addition, we have found significantly increased plasma follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and LH levels associated with decreased plasma free testosterone levels in homosexual men, but only in effeminate homosexuals. In view of these data, sexual deviations in the human may be based, at least in part, on discrepancies between the genetic sex and a sex-specific sex-hormone level during brain differentiation in prenatal life. Methods were therefore developed for determining genetic sex and sex-specific sex-hormone level during brain differentiation in prenatal life. Methods were therefore developed for determining genetic sex and sex-specific sex-hormone levels in amniotic fluid, in order to detect and possibly correct such discrepancies. Sex hormone-dependent brain differentiation may be mediated, at least in part, by neurotransmitters, which may be regarded as local hormones of the brain. Interestingly enough, we have found permanent abnormalities of mating and other non-mating behaviour associated with permanent structural and chemical alterations in discrete brain regions of rats after neonatal treatment with psychotropic drugs known to affect neurotransmitter metabolism in the brain. Therefore, changes in neurotransmitter concentrations and/or turnover rates induced by psychosocial influences as well as by systemic hormones (particularly by sex hormones), when occurring during differentiation and maturation of the brain, may permanently affect sexual behaviour, sexual orientation and gender role behaviour throughout life.
出生第一天就被阉割的雄性大鼠在成年后接受雄激素替代治疗时，主要表现出异型（同性恋）行为。此外，在这些基因雄性大鼠中还观察到雌激素正反馈效应的易感性增加。与异性恋男性相比，在同性恋男性中也发现雌激素对促黄体生成素（LH）分泌的正反馈易感性增加。这些发现表明，男性同性恋可能至少部分基于大脑分化关键期的雄激素缺乏。此外，我们发现同性恋男性的血浆促卵泡激素（FSH）和LH水平显著升高，同时血浆游离睾酮水平降低，但仅在具有女性化特征的同性恋者中如此。鉴于这些数据，人类的性偏差可能至少部分基于出生前大脑分化过程中基因性别与特定性别的性激素水平之间的差异。因此，开发了用于确定出生前大脑分化过程中的基因性别和特定性别的性激素水平的方法。因此，开发了用于测定羊水内基因性别和特定性别的性激素水平的方法，以便检测并可能纠正此类差异。性激素依赖性大脑分化可能至少部分由神经递质介导，神经递质可被视为大脑的局部激素。有趣的是，在用已知会影响大脑神经递质代谢的精神药物对新生大鼠进行治疗后，我们发现其交配及其他非交配行为出现永久性异常，同时离散脑区出现永久性结构和化学改变。因此，在大脑分化和成熟过程中，由社会心理影响以及全身激素（特别是性激素）引起的神经递质浓度和/或周转率的变化，可能会终生永久性地影响性行为、性取向和性别角色行为。
