Von Ah Diane
School of Nursing, Indiana University in Indianapolis.
Clin J Oncol Nurs. 2015 Feb;19(1):47-56. doi: 10.1188/15.CJON.19-01AP.
Cognitive impairment is a distressing, disruptive, and potentially debilitating symptom that can occur as a direct result of cancer or its treatment. National organizations have identified cognitive impairment as a challenge many survivors face and call for research to address this problem. Despite the priority, research is still relatively limited and questions remain unanswered about prevalence and impact on survivors, as well as coping strategies and effective treatment options available to address this potentially debilitating problem.
The purpose of this article is to (a) analyze the prevalence and types of cognitive impairment that commonly affect survivors; (b) delineate the impact that cognitive impairment after cancer and cancer treatment has on self-esteem, social relationships, work ability, and overall quality of life among survivors; and (c) synthesize and appraise commonly used coping strategies used by survivors to address cognitive impairment and evidence-based interventions that may be incorporated into clinical practice.
A comprehensive review and synthesis of the literature was conducted.
Evidence-based interventions to address cognitive changes after cancer and cancer treatment are limited. However, emerging research has demonstrated that nonpharmacologic treatments, such as cognitive training, are likely to be effective.
认知障碍是一种令人痛苦、具有破坏性且可能使人衰弱的症状，它可能是癌症或其治疗的直接结果。国家组织已将认知障碍确定为许多幸存者面临的一项挑战，并呼吁开展研究以解决这一问题。尽管这一问题受到了优先关注，但相关研究仍然相对有限，关于认知障碍的患病率、对幸存者的影响以及应对策略和有效治疗方案等问题仍未得到解答，而这些问题对于解决这一潜在的使人衰弱的问题至关重要。
本文旨在（a）分析通常影响幸存者的认知障碍的患病率和类型；（b）阐述癌症及癌症治疗后的认知障碍对幸存者的自尊、社会关系、工作能力和总体生活质量的影响；（c）综合并评估幸存者用于应对认知障碍的常用应对策略以及可能纳入临床实践的循证干预措施。
对文献进行了全面的综述和综合分析。
针对癌症及癌症治疗后认知变化的循证干预措施有限。然而，新出现的研究表明，非药物治疗，如认知训练，可能是有效的。
