Adams Justin W, Paxton Lisa, Dawes Kathryn, Burlak Kateryna, Quayle Michelle, McMenamin Paul G
Department of Anatomy & Developmental Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
Br J Ophthalmol. 2015 Sep;99(9):1162-7. doi: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2014-306189. Epub 2015 Feb 17.
The teaching of human head, neck and orbital anatomy forms a critical part of undergraduate and postgraduate medical and allied health professional training, including optometry. While still largely grounded in cadaveric dissection, this method of instruction is constrained in some countries and regional areas by access to real human cadavers, costs of cadaver bequest programmes, health and safety of students and staff and the shortage of adequate time in modern curricula. Many candidates choosing a postgraduate pathway in ophthalmological training, such as those accepted into the Royal Colleges of Ophthalmology in the UK, Australia and New Zealand programmes and the American Academy of Ophthalmologists in the USA, are compelled as adult learners to revise or revisit human orbital anatomy, ocular anatomy and select areas of head and neck anatomy. These candidates are often then faced with the issue of accessing facilities with dissected human cadaveric material.
In light of these difficulties, we developed a novel means of creating high-resolution reproductions of prosected human cadaver orbits suitable for education and training.
3D printed copies of cadaveric orbital dissections (superior, lateral and medial views) showing a range of anatomical features were created.
These 3D prints offer many advantages over plastinated specimens as they are suitable for rapid reproduction and as they are not human tissue they avoid cultural and ethical issues associated with viewing cadaver specimens. In addition, they are suitable for use in the office, home, laboratory or clinical setting in any part of the world for patient and doctor education.
人体头部、颈部和眼眶解剖学教学是本科及研究生医学和相关健康专业培训（包括验光专业）的关键部分。虽然这种教学方法仍主要基于尸体解剖，但在一些国家和地区，由于获取真实人体尸体的途径、尸体捐赠项目的成本、学生和工作人员的健康与安全以及现代课程中时间不足等因素，这种教学方式受到了限制。许多选择眼科研究生培训途径的考生，如被英国、澳大利亚和新西兰皇家眼科医学院项目以及美国眼科学会录取的考生，作为成年学习者，不得不复习或重新学习人体眼眶解剖学、眼部解剖学以及头部和颈部解剖学的特定区域。这些考生随后常常面临获取带有解剖人体尸体材料的设施的问题。
鉴于这些困难，我们开发了一种新颖的方法，用于创建适合教育和培训的经解剖的人体尸体眼眶的高分辨率复制品。
制作出了尸体眼眶解剖（上视图、侧视图和内侧视图）的3D打印副本，展示了一系列解剖特征。
这些3D打印模型比塑化标本具有许多优势，因为它们适合快速复制，并且由于它们不是人体组织，避免了与查看尸体标本相关的文化和伦理问题。此外，它们适用于世界任何地方的办公室、家庭、实验室或临床环境，用于患者和医生教育。
