Pediatric postoperative pain management.

Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.

Pediatr Clin North Am. 1989 Aug;36(4):921-40. doi: 10.1016/s0031-3955(16)36729-3.

This article reviews methods to relieve postoperative pain in most children. It also discusses the major barriers to treatment and considers the provision of opioids via a painless route as an alternative to the more usual intramuscular (and painful) route.