University of Hawai'i, HIMB, USA.
Nat Prod Rep. 2015 Jul;32(7):1114-30. doi: 10.1039/c4np00150h.
Out of the many bioactive compounds described from the oceans, only a small fraction have been studied for their ecological significance. Similarly, most chemically mediated interactions are not well understood, because the molecules involved remain unrevealed. In Antarctica, this gap in knowledge is even more acute in comparison to tropical or temperate regions, even though polar organisms are also prolific producers of chemical defenses, and pharmacologically relevant products are being reported from the Southern Ocean. The extreme and unique marine environments surrounding Antarctica along with the numerous unusual interactions taking place in benthic communities are expected to select for novel functional secondary metabolites. There is an urgent need to comprehend the evolutionary role of marine derived substances in general, and particularly at the Poles, since molecules of keystone significance are vital in species survival, and therefore, in structuring the communities. Here we provide a mini-review on the identified marine natural products proven to have an ecological function in Antarctic ecosystems. This report recapitulates some of the bibliography from original Antarctic reviews, and updates the new literature in the field from 2009 to the present.
从海洋中描述的众多生物活性化合物中，只有一小部分因其生态意义而被研究过。同样，大多数化学介导的相互作用也没有得到很好的理解，因为涉及的分子仍然没有被揭示。在南极洲，与热带或温带地区相比，这方面的知识差距更加明显，尽管极地生物也是化学防御的丰富生产者，而且来自南大洋的药理学相关产品也在不断被报道。南极洲周围极端而独特的海洋环境以及在海底群落中发生的众多不寻常相互作用，预计会选择出新型的功能性次生代谢产物。人们迫切需要了解海洋衍生物质的一般进化作用，特别是在极地地区，因为具有关键意义的分子对物种生存至关重要，因此对群落结构也至关重要。在这里，我们提供了一个关于已被证明在南极生态系统中具有生态功能的海洋天然产物的简要综述。本报告总结了一些来自原始南极评论的文献，并更新了 2009 年以来该领域的新文献。
