Koda Kenichiro, Kimura Haruka, Uzawa Masashi, Sambe Norie, Sugano Takayuki, Kitamura Takayuki, Tagami Megumi
Masui. 2014 Oct;63(10):1135-8.
Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease affecting neuromuscular junction, which is characterized by fluctuating muscle weakness and abnormal fatigability. The use of muscle relaxants is major concern in anesthetic management for patients with MG. Muscle relaxant is a practical tool to assure immobilization during surgery under general anesthesia Anesthetic management without muscle relaxants for patients with MG is challenging, because it is difficult to assure immobilization. However, pharmacological effects of muscle relaxants can be prolonged in patients with MG, resulting in the increased incidence of postoperative respiratory support. We, here, describe an anesthetic management of an 82-year-old man with MG undergoing laparoscopic surgery. Anesthesia was induced with propofol and remifentanil Desflurane was administered via a face mask, and the patient was manually ventilated for 10 min, and the trachea was intubated safely without muscle relaxants. Anesthesia was maintained with desflurane and remifentanil. We did not administer muscle relaxants to the patient during surgery. Throughout laparoscopic procedures, no movements of the patient were observed, and there were no problems concerning the laparoscopic view of the operation filed. The surgery was uneventful. The patient emerged from anesthesia smoothly, and was extubated safely. The postoperative course of the patient was also uneventful.
重症肌无力(MG)是一种影响神经肌肉接头的自身免疫性疾病,其特征为肌肉无力波动和异常易疲劳。对于MG患者,麻醉管理中使用肌肉松弛剂是主要关注点。肌肉松弛剂是全身麻醉下手术期间确保制动的实用工具。对于MG患者,不使用肌肉松弛剂进行麻醉管理具有挑战性,因为难以确保制动。然而,MG患者使用肌肉松弛剂的药理作用可能会延长,导致术后呼吸支持发生率增加。在此,我们描述了一名82岁MG男性患者接受腹腔镜手术的麻醉管理。采用丙泊酚和瑞芬太尼诱导麻醉。通过面罩给予地氟醚,患者手动通气10分钟,未使用肌肉松弛剂即安全插入气管导管。用地氟醚和瑞芬太尼维持麻醉。手术期间未给患者使用肌肉松弛剂。在整个腹腔镜手术过程中,未观察到患者有任何动作,手术视野的腹腔镜观察也无问题。手术顺利。患者顺利从麻醉中苏醒,并安全拔管。患者术后病程也顺利。