Li Jun-Chao, Dang Ting-Hui, Guo Sheng-Li, Xue Jiang, Tang Jun
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2014 Oct;35(10):3842-50.
Vegetation reconstruction was an effective solution to reclaim the opencast coal mine dump which was formed in the process of mining. To understand the impact of the vegetation reconstruction patterns' on the mine soil organic carbon (SOC) storage was essential for selecting the methods of vegetation restoration and also important for accurately estimating the potential of the soil carbon sequestration. The study area was on the Heidaigou opencast coal mine, which was 15 years reclaimed coal mine dump in Zhungeer, Inner Mongolia autonomous region, we selected 5 vegetation reconstruction patterns (natural recovery land, grassland, bush land, mixed woodland of arbor and bush, arbor land), and 16 vegetation types, 408 soil samples (0-100 m), to study the effect of the vegetation reconstruction patterns on the SOC storage. The results were showed as follows: (1) on the reclaimed coal mine dump, the vegetation reconstruction patterns significantly affected the SOC content and its distribution in the soil profile (P < 0.05). The surface 0-10 cm SOC content was grassland > shrub land > arbor forest > mixed forest of arbor and shrub > natural recovery land, in which the grassland, shrub land and arbor forest were about 2.2, 1.3, and 1.3 times of natural recovery land (2.14 g · kg(-1)) respectively. The total nitrogen (TN) showed the similar trends. (2) Among the vegetation types, Medicago sativa had the highest surface SOC content (5.71 g · kg(-1)) and TN content (0.49 g · kg(-1)), that were 171.3% and 166.7% higher than the natural recovery land, and two times of Hippophae rhamnoides, Amorpha fruticosa + Pinus tabulaeformis and Robinia pseudoacacia. (3) The effect of vegetation types on SOC mainly concentrated in the 0-20 cm depth, and the effect on TN accounted for 40 cm. (4) For the SOC storage, the order was original landform area > reclaimed dump > new dump and grassland > woodland (including arbor and shrub land). After 15 years revegetation, the soil carbon storage of the grassland, shrub land and arbor land were increased by 15.47 t · hm(-2), 6.93 t · hm(-2) and 6.95 t · hm(-2) respectively in the 100 cm depth, which were equivalent to 2/3, 1/2 and 1/2 of the original landform levels. The results showed a great ability of carbon sequestration.
植被重建是恢复开采过程中形成的露天煤矿排土场的有效方法。了解植被重建模式对矿山土壤有机碳（SOC）储量的影响，对于选择植被恢复方法至关重要，对于准确估算土壤碳固存潜力也很重要。研究区域位于内蒙古自治区准格尔旗黑岱沟露天煤矿，这是一个已复垦15年的煤矿排土场。我们选择了5种植被重建模式（自然恢复地、草地、灌木地、乔灌混交林地、乔木林地）、16种植被类型、408个土壤样本（0 - 100厘米），来研究植被重建模式对SOC储量的影响。结果如下：（1）在复垦煤矿排土场上，植被重建模式显著影响SOC含量及其在土壤剖面中的分布（P < 0.05）。表层0 - 10厘米的SOC含量为草地 > 灌木地 > 乔木林 > 乔灌混交林 > 自然恢复地，其中草地、灌木地和乔木林分别约为自然恢复地（2.14克·千克⁻¹）的2.2倍、1.3倍和1.3倍。全氮（TN）呈现类似趋势。（2）在植被类型中，紫花苜蓿的表层SOC含量最高（5.71克·千克⁻¹），TN含量最高（0.49克·千克⁻¹），分别比自然恢复地高171.3%和166.7%，是沙棘、紫穗槐 + 油松和刺槐的两倍。（3）植被类型对SOC的影响主要集中在0 - 20厘米深度，对TN的影响占40厘米。（4）对于SOC储量，顺序为原生地貌区 > 复垦排土场 > 新排土场，且草地 > 林地（包括乔木和灌木地）。经过15年植被恢复，在100厘米深度，草地、灌木地和乔木地的土壤碳储量分别增加了15.47吨·公顷⁻²、6.93吨·公顷⁻²和6.95吨·公顷⁻²，分别相当于原生地貌水平的2/3、1/2和1/2。结果显示出巨大的碳固存能力。
