Kasari Connie
Semel Institute, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California, USA.
Curr Opin Neurol. 2015 Apr;28(2):124-9. doi: 10.1097/WCO.0000000000000185.
Given the explosion in published behavioral interventions over the past several years, this review highlights the latest trends over the past year (2014) for children with complex learning and developmental needs.
There were virtually no rigorous intervention studies published on developmental disorders in which the cause of the disorder is well known. Nearly all studies focus on autism spectrum disorder. Trends over the past year emphasize modular interventions with design improvements including comparisons of two active treatments and larger and more diverse samples. Far more community-implemented treatments on understudied populations were conducted, including minimally verbal children, girls, very young infants, and low-resourced families. Finally, new pilot data on prevention and neural mechanisms were published.
An uptick in the number of rigorous tests of different interventions conducted in real-world settings with outcomes focused on core deficits bodes well for wide dissemination and implementation by nonspecialists in the community. Pilot and uncontrolled data on prevention and mechanism await further rigorous testing before conclusions can be drawn.
鉴于过去几年发表的行为干预研究呈爆发式增长，本综述重点介绍了过去一年（2014年）针对有复杂学习和发展需求儿童的最新趋势。
几乎没有关于病因明确的发育障碍的严格干预研究发表。几乎所有研究都集中在自闭症谱系障碍上。过去一年的趋势强调模块化干预，设计有所改进，包括两种积极治疗方法的比较以及更大、更多样化的样本。针对研究较少的人群开展了更多社区实施的治疗，包括极少言语儿童、女孩、非常年幼的婴儿以及资源匮乏的家庭。最后，发表了关于预防和神经机制的新试点数据。
在现实环境中对不同干预措施进行严格测试的数量有所增加，且结果聚焦于核心缺陷，这对于社区非专业人员广泛传播和实施干预措施来说是个好兆头。关于预防和机制的试点及非对照数据在得出结论之前还需进一步严格测试。
