Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-9011, USA.
National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA.
Nat Rev Neurosci. 2015 Mar;16(3):173-84. doi: 10.1038/nrn3877.
Exposure to drugs of abuse, such as cocaine, leads to plastic changes in the activity of brain circuits, and a prevailing view is that these changes play a part in drug addiction. Notably, there has been intense focus on drug-induced changes in synaptic excitability and much less attention on intrinsic excitability factors (that is, excitability factors that are remote from the synapse). Accumulating evidence now suggests that intrinsic factors such as K+ channels are not only altered by cocaine but may also contribute to the shaping of the addiction phenotype.
接触滥用药物，如可卡因，会导致大脑回路活动发生可塑性变化，而普遍观点认为，这些变化在药物成瘾中发挥了一定作用。值得注意的是，人们一直高度关注药物引起的突触兴奋性变化，而对内在兴奋性因素（即远离突触的兴奋性因素）关注较少。越来越多的证据表明，内在因素，如 K+ 通道，不仅会受到可卡因的影响，而且可能有助于塑造成瘾表型。
