Department of Bioresource Engineering, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Drive, H9X 3V9 Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Canada.
Department of Bioresource Engineering, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Drive, H9X 3V9 Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Canada.
J Environ Manage. 2015 Apr 15;153:153-62. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.02.010. Epub 2015 Feb 17.
Within the field of water resource management, Group Model Building (GMB) is a growing method used to engage stakeholders in the development of models that describe environmental and socioeconomic systems to create and test policy alternatives. While there is significant focus on improving stakeholder engagement, there is a lack of studies specifically looking at the experiences of marginalized communities and the barriers that prevent their fuller participation in the decision-making process. This paper explores the common issues and presents recommended improved practices, based on anti-oppression, related to the stages of problem framing, stakeholder identification and selection, workshop preparation, and workshop facilitation. For problem defining and stakeholder selection, the major recommendations are to engage diverse stakeholder communities from the earliest stages and give them control over framing the project scope. With regards to planning the model building workshops, it is recommended that the facilitation team work closely with marginalized stakeholders to highlight and address barriers that would prevent their inclusion. With the actual facilitation of the workshops, it is best to employ activities that allow stakeholders to provide knowledge and input in mediums that are most comfortable to them; additionally, the facilitation team needs to be able to challenge problematic interpersonal interactions as they manifest within conversations. This article focuses on building comfortability with political language so that the systemic oppression in which existing participatory processes occur can be understood, thus allowing GMB practitioners to engage in social justice efforts.
在水资源管理领域，群体模型构建（Group Model Building，GMB）是一种日益流行的方法，用于让利益相关者参与模型的开发，这些模型描述了环境和社会经济系统，以制定和测试政策选择。虽然人们非常关注如何提高利益相关者的参与度，但很少有研究专门关注边缘化社区的经验，以及阻止他们更充分地参与决策过程的障碍。本文探讨了常见问题，并提出了基于反压迫的建议改进措施，涉及问题框架、利益相关者识别和选择、研讨会准备和研讨会促进等阶段。对于问题定义和利益相关者选择，主要建议是从最早阶段开始让不同的利益相关者社区参与进来，并让他们控制项目范围的制定。在规划模型构建研讨会方面，建议促进团队与边缘化利益相关者密切合作，突出和解决可能阻止他们参与的障碍。在实际促进研讨会时，最好采用允许利益相关者在他们最舒适的媒介中提供知识和投入的活动；此外，促进团队需要能够挑战对话中出现的有问题的人际互动。本文侧重于建立对政治语言的舒适度，以便理解现有参与性过程中存在的系统性压迫，从而使 GMB 从业者能够参与社会正义努力。
