Di Bella Stefano, Gouliouris Theodore, Petrosillo Nicola
2nd Division, National Institute for Infectious Diseases "L. Spallanzani", Rome, Italy.
Department of Infectious Diseases, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
J Infect Chemother. 2015 Apr;21(4):230-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jiac.2015.01.011. Epub 2015 Jan 31.
Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is an emerging problem worldwide associated with significant morbidity, mortality, recurrence rates and healthcare costs. Immunosuppressed patients, including HIV-seropositive individuals, solid organ transplant recipients, patients with malignancies, hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients, and patients with inflammatory bowel disease are increasingly recognized as being at higher risk of developing CDI where it may be associated with significant complications, recurrence, and mortality. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has proven to be an effective and safe procedure for the treatment of recurrent or refractory CDI in immunocompetent patients by restoring the gut microbiota and resistance to further recurrences. During the last two years the first data on FMT in immunocompromised patients began to appear in the medical literature. Herein we summarize the use of FMT for the treatment of CDI with a focus on immunocompromised patients.
艰难梭菌感染（CDI）是一个在全球范围内日益凸显的问题，与显著的发病率、死亡率、复发率及医疗费用相关。免疫抑制患者，包括HIV血清阳性个体、实体器官移植受者、恶性肿瘤患者、造血干细胞移植受者以及炎症性肠病患者，越来越被认为发生CDI的风险更高，且CDI可能与严重并发症、复发及死亡相关。粪便微生物群移植（FMT）已被证明是一种有效且安全的治疗方法，可通过恢复肠道微生物群及对进一步复发的抵抗力，来治疗免疫功能正常患者的复发性或难治性CDI。在过去两年中，关于免疫功能低下患者FMT的首批数据开始出现在医学文献中。在此，我们总结FMT在治疗CDI中的应用，重点关注免疫功能低下患者。
