El-Mashali H A, Badran H M, Elnimr T
Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt.
Environ Monit Assess. 2015 Mar;187(3):136. doi: 10.1007/s10661-015-4357-1. Epub 2015 Feb 24.
Concentrations of major and trace elements (Al, Fe, Mn, B, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sr, V, and Zn) were determined in water and sediments from irrigation canals and the Nile River in an agricultural area of 120 km(2) to evaluate the impact of agricultural practices and the spatial distribution and mobility of these elements. The enrichment factors of cadmium indicate contamination in this area. Metal pollution indices are higher at locations downstream of the irrigation canals, possibly a consequence of waste discharges and phosphate fertilizing. Comparisons with consensus-based sediment quality guidelines revealed that ∼92 % (Cr), ∼85 % (Cu), ∼46 % (Ni), and ∼23 % (Zn) of the samples exceeded the threshold effect concentrations, with 7.7 % for Cr and Ni being above the probable effect concentration. Contamination with many metals in water was found in the secondary irrigation canals. The partition coefficients of all determined metals were evaluated. The major elements Al, Fe, and Mn were found to be very mobile while V was the least mobile.
测定了120平方公里农业区域内灌溉渠道和尼罗河水体及沉积物中主要和微量元素（铝、铁、锰、硼、镉、钴、铬、铜、钼、镍、铅、锶、钒和锌）的浓度，以评估农业活动的影响以及这些元素的空间分布和迁移性。镉的富集因子表明该地区存在污染。灌溉渠道下游地点的金属污染指数较高，这可能是废物排放和磷肥施用的结果。与基于共识的沉积物质量指南进行比较发现，约92%（铬）、约85%（铜）、约46%（镍）和约23%（锌）的样本超过了阈值效应浓度，其中铬和镍有7.7%高于可能效应浓度。在二级灌溉渠道中发现水体受到多种金属污染。评估了所有测定金属的分配系数。发现主要元素铝、铁和锰迁移性很强，而钒的迁移性最弱。
