Fereshtehnejad Seyed-Mohammad, Shafieesabet Mahdiyeh, Rahmani Arash, Delbari Ahmad, Lökk Johan
Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, and Society (NVS), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden ; Firoozgar Clinical Research Development Center (FCRDC), Firoozgar Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Medical Student Research Committee (MSRC), Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2015 Feb 5;11:321-32. doi: 10.2147/NDT.S77391. eCollection 2015.
Parkinsonism occurs in all ethnic groups worldwide; however, there are wide variations in the prevalence rates reported from different countries, even for neighboring regions. The huge socioeconomic burden of parkinsonism necessitates the need for prevalence studies in each country. So far, there is neither data registry nor prevalence information on parkinsonism in the Iranian population. The aim of our study was to estimate the prevalence rate of probable parkinsonism in a huge urban area in Iran, Tehran using a community-based door-to-door survey.
We used a random multistage sampling of the households within the network of health centers consisting of 374 subunits in all 22 districts throughout the entire urban area of Tehran. Overall, 20,621 individuals answered the baseline checklist and screening questionnaire and data from 19,500 persons aged ≥30 years were entered in the final analysis. Health care professionals used a new six-item screening questionnaire for parkinsonism, which has been previously shown to have a high validity and diagnostic value in the same population.
A total of 157 cases were screened for parkinsonism using the validated six-item questionnaire. After age and sex adjustment based on the Tehran population, the prevalence of parkinsonism was calculated as 222.9 per 100,000. Using the World Health Organization's World Standard Population, the standardized prevalence rate of parkinsonism was 285 per 100,000 (95% confidence interval 240-329). The male:female ratio of probable parkinsonism was calculated as 1.62, and there was a significant increase in the screening rate by advancing age.
The calculated rates for the prevalence of parkinsonism in our study are closer to reports from some European and Middle Eastern countries, higher than reports from Eastern Asian and African populations, and lower than Australia. The prevalence rate of >200 in 100,000 for parkinsonism in Tehran, Iran could be considered a medium-to-high rate.
帕金森症在全球所有种族群体中均有发生；然而，不同国家报告的患病率存在很大差异，即使是相邻地区也是如此。帕金森症带来的巨大社会经济负担使得每个国家都有必要开展患病率研究。到目前为止，伊朗人群中既没有帕金森症的数据登记，也没有患病率信息。我们研究的目的是通过基于社区的挨家挨户调查，估计伊朗德黑兰一个大型市区中可能患帕金森症的患病率。
我们对德黑兰整个市区所有22个区的374个亚单位组成的健康中心网络内的家庭进行了随机多阶段抽样。总体而言，20621人回答了基线清单和筛查问卷，最终分析纳入了19500名年龄≥30岁者的数据。医护人员使用了一份新的六项帕金森症筛查问卷，该问卷先前已被证明在同一人群中具有较高的效度和诊断价值。
使用经过验证的六项问卷共筛查出157例帕金森症病例。根据德黑兰人口进行年龄和性别调整后，帕金森症的患病率计算为每10万人222.9例。使用世界卫生组织的世界标准人口，帕金森症的标准化患病率为每10万人285例（95%置信区间240 - 329）。可能患帕金森症的男女比例计算为1.62，且筛查率随年龄增长显著增加。
我们研究中计算出的帕金森症患病率更接近一些欧洲和中东国家的报告，高于东亚和非洲人群的报告，低于澳大利亚。伊朗德黑兰帕金森症患病率>200/10万可被视为中高患病率。
