Mészáros Veronika, Ajtay Gyöngyi, Fodor Kinga, Komlósi Sarolta, Boross Viktor, Barna Csilla, Udvardy-Mészáros Ágnes, Perczel Forintos Dóra
Ideggyogy Sz. 2014 Nov 30;67(11-12):397-408.
The aim of the present study was a systematic path-analytical investigation between the effects of life events, dysfunctional attitudes and coping strategies in relation with the exhibited depressive and anxiety symptoms in patients with mental disorders.
Self-report data of 234 patients from our outpatient psychotherapy unit were analyzed. Life events, dysfunctional attitudes, coping strategies as well as symptoms of anxiety and depression were assessed by self-administerd questionnaires. Statistical methods included structural equation modelling, which enables the estimation of the magnitude and strength of individual variables within an overarching casual model, thus yielding a complex view on the possible processes underlying the development of the clinical symptoms of anxiety and depression.
Our findings indicate that both the number of negative life events and their subjectively experienced intensity contributed to the increase of dysfunctional attitudes. The presence of dysfunctional attitudes decreased the use of problem-focused coping strategies and increased the use of emotion-focused coping strategies. The use of problem-focused coping decreased symptom occurrence and emotion-focused coping strategies increased the frequency of symptoms of anxiety and depression. Our findings suggest that dysfunctional need for achievement and perfectionism directly increase the probability of depressive symptom manifestation. The attitude of external locus of control showed a significant relationship with anxiety symptoms through emotion-focused coping strategies and directly as well.
Restructuring dysfunctional attitudes and developing problem-focused coping strategies are an important part of psychotherapeutic interventions aiming to decrease anxiety and depressive symptoms.
本研究的目的是对生活事件、功能失调性态度和应对策略与精神障碍患者所表现出的抑郁和焦虑症状之间的影响进行系统的路径分析调查。
对来自我们门诊心理治疗单元的234名患者的自我报告数据进行分析。通过自我管理问卷评估生活事件、功能失调性态度、应对策略以及焦虑和抑郁症状。统计方法包括结构方程模型，该模型能够估计总体因果模型中各个变量的大小和强度，从而对焦虑和抑郁临床症状发展背后的可能过程产生一个复杂的看法。
我们的研究结果表明，负面生活事件的数量及其主观体验强度都导致了功能失调性态度的增加。功能失调性态度的存在减少了以问题为中心的应对策略的使用，并增加了以情绪为中心的应对策略的使用。以问题为中心的应对策略的使用减少了症状的出现，而以情绪为中心的应对策略增加了焦虑和抑郁症状的频率。我们的研究结果表明，对成就和完美主义的功能失调需求直接增加了抑郁症状表现的可能性。外部控制点态度通过以情绪为中心的应对策略以及直接地与焦虑症状表现出显著关系。
调整功能失调性态度并制定以问题为中心的应对策略是旨在减轻焦虑和抑郁症状的心理治疗干预措施的重要组成部分。
