Butler Noah S, Kulu Divine I
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, 73104, USA.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, 73104, USA.
Curr Opin Immunol. 2015 Jun;34:68-74. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2015.02.007. Epub 2015 Mar 2.
Following infection, naïve CD4 T cells can differentiate into various functionally distinct effector and memory subsets, including T follicular helper (TFH) cells that orchestrate germinal center (GC) reactions necessary for high-affinity, pathogen-specific antibody responses. The origins and function of this cell type have been extensively examined in response to subunit immunization with model antigens. More recently, we are beginning to also appreciate the extent to which microbial infections shape the generation, function and maintenance of TFH cells. Here, we review recent advances and highlight additional knowledge gaps in our understanding of how microbial infections influence priming, differentiation, localization and activity of TFH cells following acute and chronic infections.
感染后，初始CD4 T细胞可分化为各种功能不同的效应细胞和记忆亚群，包括T滤泡辅助（TFH）细胞，这些细胞协调生发中心（GC）反应，而GC反应是高亲和力、病原体特异性抗体反应所必需的。针对模型抗原进行亚单位免疫后，对这种细胞类型的起源和功能进行了广泛研究。最近，我们也开始认识到微生物感染在多大程度上塑造了TFH细胞的产生、功能和维持。在此，我们回顾了最近的进展，并强调了在理解微生物感染如何影响急性和慢性感染后TFH细胞的启动、分化、定位和活性方面的其他知识空白。
