Maxcey Ashleigh M, Woodman Geoffrey F
Department of Psychology, Manchester University.
Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt Vision Research Center, Center for Integrative and Cognitive Neuroscience, Vanderbilt University.
Vis cogn. 2014 Jul;22(6):789-808. doi: 10.1080/13506285.2014.917134.
Retrieval-induced forgetting is a phenomenon in which groups of stimuli are initially learned, but then a subset of those stimuli are subsequently remembered via retrieval practice, causing the forgetting of the other initially learned items. This phenomenon has almost exclusively been studied using linguistic stimuli. The goal of the present study was to determine whether our memory for simultaneously learned visual stimuli was subject to a similar type of memory impairment. Participants were shown real-world objects, then they practiced recognizing a subset of these remembered objects, and finally their memory was tested for all learned objects. We found that practicing recognition of a subset of items resulted in forgetting of other objects in the group. However, impaired recognition did not spread to new objects belonging to the same category. Our findings have important implications for how our memories operate in real-world tasks, where remembering one object or aspect of a visual scene can cause us to forget other information encoded at the same time.
提取诱发遗忘是一种现象，即一组刺激最初被学习，但随后通过提取练习记住了其中一部分刺激，从而导致遗忘其他最初学习的项目。这种现象几乎完全是使用语言刺激进行研究的。本研究的目的是确定我们对同时学习的视觉刺激的记忆是否会受到类似类型的记忆损害。向参与者展示现实世界中的物体，然后让他们练习识别这些记忆物体中的一部分，最后对所有学习过的物体进行记忆测试。我们发现，练习识别一部分项目会导致遗忘该组中的其他物体。然而，识别受损并没有扩展到属于同一类别的新物体。我们的研究结果对于我们的记忆在现实世界任务中的运作方式具有重要意义，即在现实世界任务中，记住视觉场景中的一个物体或一个方面可能会导致我们忘记同时编码的其他信息。
