Field Charlotte, Allen Melissa L, Lewis Charlie
Department of Psychology, Fylde College, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YF, UK.
J Autism Dev Disord. 2016 Oct;46(10):3195-206. doi: 10.1007/s10803-015-2401-1.
The shape bias-generalising labels to same shaped objects-has been linked to attentional learning or referential intent. We explore these origins in children with typical development (TD), autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and other developmental disorders (DD). In two conditions, a novel object was presented and either named or described. Children selected another from a shape, colour or texture match. TD children choose the shape match in both conditions, children with DD and 'high-verbal mental age' (VMA) children with ASD (language age > 4.6) did so in the name condition and 'low-VMA' children with ASD never showed the heuristic. Thus, the shape bias arises from attentional learning in atypically developing children and is delayed in ASD.
形状偏好——将标签推广到形状相同的物体——已被认为与注意力学习或指称意图有关。我们在发育正常（TD）、自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）和其他发育障碍（DD）的儿童中探究这些根源。在两种情况下，呈现一个新物体并对其进行命名或描述。儿童从形状、颜色或质地匹配的物体中选择另一个。TD儿童在两种情况下都选择形状匹配，DD儿童以及“高语言心理年龄”（VMA）的ASD儿童（语言年龄>4.6岁）在命名条件下这样做，而“低VMA”的ASD儿童从未表现出这种启发式策略。因此，形状偏好源于非典型发育儿童的注意力学习，并且在ASD中出现延迟。
