Zuñiga Julie Ann
Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Hisp Health Care Int. 2015;13(1):46-54. doi: 10.1891/1540-4153.13.1.46.
Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be one of the main causes of death in adults globally. Failure to complete TB treatment can lead to treatment-resistant TB and continued transmission of the infection. Directly observed therapy (DOT) is the treatment recommended by the World Health Organization. This article sought to synthesize DOT data to identify important variables in DOT research, including original research studies conducted in a Latin American country on pulmonary TB. Medication supervisors included family members or health professionals who provided support, education, and counseling. Age, past treatment, drug abuse, and housing in poor neighborhoods were negatively correlated to DOT adherence. Community-based DOT programs were more successful than clinic-based programs. Cost and convenience of DOT treatment seem to be barriers to treatment completion. TB rates have fallen since the inception of DOT, but studies have not shown a significant difference between DOT and self-administered therapy.
结核病仍然是全球成年人主要死因之一。未完成结核病治疗会导致耐多药结核病并使感染持续传播。直接观察治疗（DOT）是世界卫生组织推荐的治疗方法。本文旨在综合直接观察治疗数据，以确定直接观察治疗研究中的重要变量，包括在一个拉丁美洲国家开展的关于肺结核的原始研究。药物监督员包括提供支持、教育和咨询的家庭成员或卫生专业人员。年龄、既往治疗史、药物滥用以及居住在贫困社区与直接观察治疗的依从性呈负相关。基于社区的直接观察治疗项目比基于诊所的项目更成功。直接观察治疗的成本和便利性似乎是完成治疗的障碍。自直接观察治疗开始以来，结核病发病率有所下降，但研究并未显示直接观察治疗与自我给药治疗之间存在显著差异。
