Son Daisuke, Kawamura Kazumi, Nakashima Mitsuko, Utsumi Miho
International Research Center for Medical Education, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo.
Yakugaku Zasshi. 2015;135(1):109-15. doi: 10.1248/yakushi.14-00222-1.
Interprofessional work (IPW) is increasingly important in various settings including primary care, in which the role of pharmacists is particularly important. Many studies have shown that in cases of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and metabolic syndrome, physician-pharmacist collaboration can improve medication adherence and help to identify drug-related problems. Some surveys and qualitative studies revealed barriers and key factors for effective physician-pharmacist collaboration, including trustworthiness and role clarification. In Japan, some cases of good collaborative work between pharmacists and physicians in hospitals and primary care settings have been reported. Still, community pharmacists in particular have difficulties collaborating with primary care doctors because they have insufficient medical information about patients, they feel hesitant about contacting physicians, and they usually communicate by phone or fax rather than face to face. Essential competencies for good interprofessional collaboration have been proposed by the Canadian Interprofessional Health Collaborative (CIHC): interprofessional communication; patient/client/family/community-centered care; role clarification; team functioning; collaborative leadership; and interprofessional conflict resolution. Our interprofessional education (IPE) team regularly offers educational programs to help health professionals learn interprofessional collaboration skills. We expect many pharmacists to learn those skills and actively to facilitate interprofessional collaboration.
跨专业协作（IPW）在包括初级保健在内的各种环境中日益重要，其中药剂师的作用尤为重要。许多研究表明，在高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常和代谢综合征的病例中，医生与药剂师的合作可以提高用药依从性，并有助于识别与药物相关的问题。一些调查和定性研究揭示了医生与药剂师有效合作的障碍和关键因素，包括可信度和角色明确。在日本，已经报道了一些医院和初级保健机构中药剂师与医生之间良好合作的案例。然而，特别是社区药剂师在与初级保健医生合作时存在困难，因为他们对患者的医疗信息不足，对联系医生感到犹豫，而且他们通常通过电话或传真而不是面对面进行沟通。加拿大跨专业健康协作组织（CIHC）提出了良好跨专业协作所需的核心能力：跨专业沟通；以患者/客户/家庭/社区为中心的护理；角色明确；团队运作；协作领导；以及跨专业冲突解决。我们的跨专业教育（IPE）团队定期提供教育项目，以帮助卫生专业人员学习跨专业协作技能。我们期望许多药剂师学习这些技能并积极促进跨专业协作。
