Zhang Yuan, Li Gang, Zheng Yun
Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi. 2014 Nov;28(22):1748-51.
To investigate the current situation of early diagnosis and intervention in 0-9 months old infants with hearing loss and analysis factors that will affect early diagnosis and intervention.
One hundred and eighty-six infants referred to the West China hospital from February 2014 to September 2014 were included. All 186 children were referred due to the fact that either they failed infant hearing screening or outer ear malformation. Early diagnosis and/or intervention were performed on those 186 children and their records of early diagnosis and intervention were analyzed.
Among the 186 infants, 167 (89.8%) were diagnosed with an average age at (4.0 ± 1.4) months. Among the 167 infants with final diagnosis, there were 31 (18.6%) infants diagnosed as conductive hearing loss (CHL), and 99 cases (59.3%) diagnosed as sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), among whom, there were 75 (44.9%) bilateral SNHL and 24 (14.4%) unilateral SNHL. There were 2 cases (1.20%) with SNHL on one side and atresia on the other side. 5 (2.99%) of all conductive hearing loss cases with unilateral atresia and 2 cases with auditory neuropathy (AN) were found. 33 infants (19.8%) were found to have normal hearing. 30.7% (23/75) infants diagnosed as bilateral SNHL and 8.3% (2/24) infants diagnosed as unilateral SNHL were fitted with hearing aids. The fitting rate in infants with bilateral SNHL with mild, moderate, severe to profound degrees were 0 (0/23), 24.0% (6/25), 66.7% (6/9), 61.1% (11/18) respectively. The average intervention age was (5.0 ± 2.1) months.
Although the early diagnosis and intervention situation in this study are very close to international standard, there are still infants without final diagnosis and infants with hearing loss without hearing aid fitting. Further studies and efforts to promote early diagnosis and intervention in infants with hearing loss are needed.
探讨0 - 9个月龄听力损失婴儿的早期诊断及干预现状，并分析影响早期诊断和干预的因素。
纳入2014年2月至2014年9月转诊至华西医院的186例婴儿。这186例儿童均因听力筛查未通过或外耳畸形而被转诊。对这186例儿童进行了早期诊断和/或干预，并分析了他们的早期诊断和干预记录。
186例婴儿中，167例（89.8%）确诊，平均确诊年龄为（4.0±1.4）个月。在167例最终确诊的婴儿中，31例（18.6%）被诊断为传导性听力损失（CHL），99例（59.3%）被诊断为感音神经性听力损失（SNHL），其中双侧SNHL 75例（44.9%），单侧SNHL 24例（14.4%）。有2例（1.20%）一侧为SNHL，另一侧为闭锁。发现所有传导性听力损失病例中有5例（2.99%）为单侧闭锁，2例为听神经病（AN）。33例婴儿（19.8%）听力正常。诊断为双侧SNHL的婴儿中有30.7%（23/75）、诊断为单侧SNHL的婴儿中有8.3%（2/24）佩戴了助听器。双侧轻度、中度、重度至极重度SNHL婴儿的佩戴率分别为0（0/23）、24.0%（6/25）、66.7%（6/9）、61.1%（11/18）。平均干预年龄为（5.0±2.1）个月。
尽管本研究中的早期诊断和干预情况已非常接近国际标准，但仍有婴儿未得到最终诊断，以及听力损失婴儿未佩戴助听器。需要进一步开展研究并努力促进听力损失婴儿的早期诊断和干预。
