Craske M G, Street L, Barlow D H
Behav Res Ther. 1989;27(6):663-72. doi: 10.1016/0005-7967(89)90150-2.
Instructions to focus upon feared somatic sensations were compared to instructions to engage in distracting tasks, while practising in vivo exposure to feared agoraphobic situations. Thirty individuals assigned a primary diagnosis of Panic Disorder with moderate to severe Agoraphobia were assigned randomly to one of the two treatment conditions. Assessments were conducted pre, post and 6 months following treatment completion, using subjective, behavioral and clinician-rated measures of change. Composite outcome criteria indicated a trend for distracted exposure to yield a higher percentage of improvement than focused exposure, at post assessment. However, focused exposure group members improved to a greater extent over the follow-up interval than members of the distracted group. These trends were relatively weak, given the absence of significant group by time interactions in terms of individual variable analyses. The results were discussed with reference to the role of distraction in fear reduction.
在对恐惧的广场恐怖情境进行现场暴露练习时，将专注于恐惧的躯体感觉的指导语与参与分散注意力任务的指导语进行了比较。30名被初步诊断为伴有中度至重度广场恐怖症的惊恐障碍患者被随机分配到两种治疗条件之一。在治疗前、治疗后以及治疗完成后的6个月进行评估，采用主观、行为和临床医生评定的变化指标。综合结果标准表明，在治疗后评估时，分散注意力暴露比专注暴露有更高的改善百分比趋势。然而，在随访期间，专注暴露组的成员比分散注意力组的成员改善程度更大。鉴于在个体变量分析中没有显著的组×时间交互作用，这些趋势相对较弱。结合分心在减轻恐惧中的作用对结果进行了讨论。
