PTEN通过降低CCL2和VEGF-A以及NHERF-1协同作用来抑制巨噬细胞从M1向M2极化。
PTEN inhibits macrophage polarization from M1 to M2 through CCL2 and VEGF-A reduction and NHERF-1 synergism.
作者信息
Li Ning, Qin Junfang, Lan Lan, Zhang Hongyao, Liu Fang, Wu Zhaozhen, Ni Hong, Wang Yue
机构信息
a School of Medicine ; Nankai University ; Tianjin , China.
出版信息
Cancer Biol Ther. 2015;16(2):297-306. doi: 10.1080/15384047.2014.1002353.
PTEN has been studied in several tumor models as a tumor suppressor. In this study, we explored the role of PTEN in the inhibition state of polarized M2 subtype of macrophage in tumor microenvironment (TME) and the underlying mechanisms. To elucidate the potential effect in TME, RAW 264.7 macrophages and 4T1 mouse breast cancer cells were co-cultured to reconstruct tumor microenvironment. After PTEN was down-regulated with shRNA, the expression of CCL2 and VEGF-A, which are definited to promote the formation of M2 macrophages, have a dramatically increase on the level of both gene and protein in co-cultured RAW 264.7 macrophages. And at the same time, NHERF-1 (Na(+)/H(+) exchanger regulating factor-1), another tumor suppressor has a similar tendency to PTEN. Q-PCR and WB results suggested that PTEN and NHERF-1 were consistent with one another no matter at mRNA or protein level when exposed to the same stimulus. Coimmunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence techniques confirmed that PTEN and NHERF-1 were coprecipitated, and NHERF-1 protein expression was properly reduced with rCCL2 effect. In addition, cell immunofluorescence images revealed a profound transferance, in co-cultured RAW 264.7 macrophages, an up-regulation of NHERF-1 could promote the PTEN marked expression on the cell membrane, and this form for the interaction was not negligible. These observations illustrate PTEN with a certain synergy of NHERF-1, as well as down-regulation of CCL2 suppressing M2 macrophage transformation pathway. The results suggest that the activation of PTEN and NHERF-1 may impede the evolution of macrophages beyond the M1 into M2 phenotype in tumor microenvironment.
PTEN作为一种肿瘤抑制因子已在多种肿瘤模型中得到研究。在本研究中,我们探讨了PTEN在肿瘤微环境(TME)中极化的M2亚型巨噬细胞抑制状态中的作用及其潜在机制。为了阐明其在TME中的潜在作用,将RAW 264.7巨噬细胞与4T1小鼠乳腺癌细胞共培养以重建肿瘤微环境。在用shRNA下调PTEN后,共培养的RAW 264.7巨噬细胞中,被确定为促进M2巨噬细胞形成的CCL2和VEGF-A在基因和蛋白水平上均显著增加。同时,另一种肿瘤抑制因子NHERF-1(钠/氢交换调节因子-1)与PTEN具有相似的趋势。Q-PCR和WB结果表明,当受到相同刺激时,PTEN和NHERF-1在mRNA或蛋白水平上相互一致。免疫共沉淀和免疫荧光技术证实PTEN和NHERF-1能共沉淀,并且rCCL2作用能使NHERF-1蛋白表达适当降低。此外,细胞免疫荧光图像显示,在共培养的RAW 264.7巨噬细胞中存在显著的转移,NHERF-1的上调可促进PTEN在细胞膜上的标记表达,这种相互作用形式不可忽视。这些观察结果表明PTEN与NHERF-1具有一定的协同作用,以及CCL2的下调抑制M2巨噬细胞转化途径。结果表明,PTEN和NHERF-1的激活可能会阻碍肿瘤微环境中巨噬细胞从M1向M2表型的演变。
相似文献
引用本文的文献
Front Oncol. 2025-5-15
Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2024-9-25
Cancers (Basel). 2023-7-26
本文引用的文献
Cell Adh Migr. 2012-11-1