Zhang Haoyun, Kang Chunyan, Wu Yanjing, Ma Fengyang, Guo Taomei
aState Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning & IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China bCenter for Collaboration and Innovation in Brain and Learning Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China cDepartment of Psychology, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK dDepartment of Psychology, Pennsylvania State University, State College, Pennsylvania, USA.
Neuroreport. 2015 Apr 15;26(6):354-9. doi: 10.1097/WNR.0000000000000353.
The present study examined how a short period of language switching training affects nonverbal cognitive control, as measured by the AX version of the Continuous Performance Test. A group of Chinese-English bilinguals were trained over 10 days on a picture naming task that required switching between languages. We recorded their behavioral performance and event-related potentials before and after the training to examine its effects on cognitive performance. The behavioral measurement of proactive control, that is, goal maintenance before the occurrence of the target, is significantly larger in the post-training phase as compared with the pretraining phase, indicating a proactive control shift. The event-related potential results show that the training led to an increase in the mean amplitude of the N2 component, elicited by both the cue and the probe stimuli. A group of control participants who did not undergo training showed an enlarged N2 only for the probe but not for the cue stimuli in the second as compared with the first phase of testing. No variations in behavioral performance were found in the control group between the two phases of testing. These findings suggest that language switching training enhances proactive control in bilinguals.
本研究考察了短时间的语言切换训练如何影响非语言认知控制，该认知控制通过连续性能测试的AX版本进行测量。一组中英双语者在一项需要在两种语言之间切换的图片命名任务上接受了为期10天的训练。我们记录了他们在训练前后的行为表现和事件相关电位，以检验其对认知表现的影响。与训练前阶段相比，训练后阶段的前摄控制行为测量结果（即在目标出现之前的目标维持）显著更大，表明前摄控制发生了转变。事件相关电位结果表明，训练导致线索和探测刺激诱发的N2成分平均波幅增加。一组未接受训练的对照参与者在测试的第二阶段与第一阶段相比，仅在探测刺激而非线索刺激时出现N2波幅增大。对照组在两个测试阶段的行为表现没有变化。这些发现表明，语言切换训练增强了双语者的前摄控制。
