垄作梯田生态水稻种植对水稻光合特性及产量的影响

[Effect of ridge & terraced ecological rice farming on rice photosynthetic characteristics and yield].

作者信息

Zheng Hua-Bin, Liu Jian-Xia, Yao Lin, He Hui, Huang Huang

出版信息

Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2014 Sep;25(9):2598-604.

Abstract

Taking super hybrid rice Y-liangyou 1, and hybrid rice Xianyou 63 and conventional rice Huanghuazhan as test materials, a field experiment was conducted in Changsha City of Hunan Province in 2011 and 2012 to investigate the effects of ridge & terraced ecological rice farming (RT) and bed ecological rice farming (B) on rice grain yield and photosynthetic characteristics. Compared with conventional rice farming (CK) , yield of Y-liangyou 1 in the RT was increased significantly by 28.7%, the effective panicles per unit area and spikelets per panicle were increased by 16.1% and 6.8%, respectively. Yields of Xianyou 63 and Huanghuazhan in the RT and B were 24.3% and 19.7%, 12.0% and 16.2% higher than those of CK, respectively. Leaf area index, dry matter accumulation before and after full-heading, total dry matter accumulation of Y-liangyou 1 in the RT was higher than that of CK. Number of spikelets/leaf area, number of filled grains/leaf area, grain mass/leaf area of Y-liangyou 1 in the RT were 8.1%, 14.8% and 15.8% higher than those of CK, respectively, the photosynthetic potential was increased by 32.2% while the net assimilation rate was declined by 9.3%.

摘要

以超级杂交稻Y两优1号、杂交稻汕优63和常规稻黄华占为试验材料，于2011年和2012年在湖南省长沙市进行田间试验，研究垄畦生态水稻栽培（RT）和厢式生态水稻栽培（B）对水稻产量及光合特性的影响。与常规水稻栽培（CK）相比，Y两优1号采用RT栽培时产量显著提高28.7%，单位面积有效穗数和每穗粒数分别增加16.1%和6.8%。汕优63和黄华占采用RT和B栽培时的产量分别比CK高24.3%和19.7%、12.0%和16.2%。Y两优1号采用RT栽培时的叶面积指数、齐穗前后干物质积累量、总干物质积累量均高于CK。Y两优1号采用RT栽培时的每叶面积粒数、每叶面积实粒数、每叶面积粒质量分别比CK高8.1%、14.8%和15.8%，光合势提高32.2%，而净同化率下降9.3%。