Pei Peng-Gang, Zhang Jun-Hua, Zhu Lian-Feng, Yu Sheng-Miao, Hu Zhi-Hua
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2014 Oct;25(10):2885-91.
A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of straw incorporation on rice dry matter accumulation and transportation, rice carbon sequestration and grain yield formation. The experiment included four levels of straw incorporation: 0 (control), 4000, 6000 and 8000 kg · hm(-2). Hybrid rice cultivar Zhongzheyou 1 was used in this experiment. The results showed that the average rice dry matter accumulation amount of the three straw incorporation treatments was increased by 63.03 g · m(-2) compared with the control, and that of straw incorporation of 6000 kg · hm(-2) showed the most favorable result, which was 154.40 g · m(-2) higher than the control. Effects of straw incorporation on rice dry matter accumulation showed the best performance from the maximum tillering stage to the full heading stage, and the dry matter accumulation at this stage was 71.25 g · m(-2) higher than the control. Compared with the control, the average dry matter exportation rate and apparent transformation rate from rice stem and leaf in the straw incorporation treatments were increased by 4.2% and 3.7%, respectively. The highest dry matter exportation rate and apparent transformation rate from rice stem and leaf were observed in the straw incorporation treatment of 6000 kg · hm(-2), which were increased by 12.8% and 11.1% compared to the control, respectively. The average rice carbon sequestration from the straw incorporation treatments was increased by 55.38 g · m(-2) compared with the control, and straw incorporation of 6000 kg · hm(-2) performed best with an increase of 17.8% compared with the control. Straw incorporation played a positive role in regulating the carbon sequestration of stem and leaf at the early growth stage and carbon sequestration of spike at the late growth stage. The average grain yield from the straw incorporation treatments was increased by 794.59 kg · hm(-2) (9.5% higher) compared with the control. Rice grain yields from the straw incorporation treatments of 6000 and 4000 kg · hm(-2) were significantly higher than the control, while rice grain yield from the straw incorporation treatment of 8000 kg · hm(-2) did not show a significant increase compared to the control. The rice grain yield was closely related to the yield components, and the increase of effective panicles may be the main reason for the higher grain yields in the straw incorporation treatments. Effective panicles in the straw incorporation treatments was averagely 8.41 spikes · m(-2) more than the control.
进行了一项田间试验，以研究秸秆还田对水稻干物质积累与转运、水稻碳固存及籽粒产量形成的影响。该试验包括四个秸秆还田水平：0（对照）、4000、6000和8000 kg·hm(-2)。本试验采用杂交水稻品种中浙优1号。结果表明，与对照相比，三种秸秆还田处理的水稻平均干物质积累量增加了63.03 g·m(-2)，其中秸秆还田量为6000 kg·hm(-2)的处理效果最佳，比对照高154.40 g·m(-2)。秸秆还田对水稻干物质积累的影响在最高分蘖期至齐穗期表现最佳，此阶段干物质积累量比对照高71.25 g·m(-2)。与对照相比，秸秆还田处理的水稻茎叶干物质输出率和表观转化率分别提高了4.2%和3.7%。秸秆还田量为6000 kg·hm(-2)的处理水稻茎叶干物质输出率和表观转化率最高，分别比对照提高了12.8%和11.1%。与对照相比，秸秆还田处理的水稻平均碳固存量增加了55.38 g·m(-2)，秸秆还田量为6000 kg·hm(-2)的处理表现最佳，比对照增加了17.8%。秸秆还田对生长前期茎叶碳固存和生长后期穗部碳固存具有积极的调节作用。与对照相比，秸秆还田处理的水稻平均籽粒产量增加了794.59 kg·hm(-2)（提高了9.5%）。秸秆还田量为6000和4000 kg·hm(-2)的处理水稻籽粒产量显著高于对照，而秸秆还田量为8000 kg·hm(-2)的处理水稻籽粒产量与对照相比未显著增加。水稻籽粒产量与产量构成因素密切相关，有效穗数增加可能是秸秆还田处理水稻籽粒产量较高的主要原因。秸秆还田处理的有效穗数平均比对照多8.41穗·m(-2)。
