Department of Preventive Medicine, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
Epidemiol Health. 2014 Dec 26;36:e2014037. doi: 10.4178/epih/e2014037. eCollection 2014.
As one of smoke-free policies, communities have established the smoke-free ordinances since August 2010. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of community-level smoke-free ordinances (SFO) on smoking rates in men using multiyear Community Health Survey (CHS) data.
Data on community-level SFO were collected from a website on Enhanced Local Laws and Regulation Information System. Regional smoking-related data were obtained from CHS data from 2008 to 2012 and the age-standardized rates of current smoking in men, attempts to quit smoking, and smoke-free campaign experiences including the mean number of cigarettes smoked (smoking amount) were calculated. Repeated measures analysis of variance was performed to evaluate the effects of regional implementation of SFO and the duration on change of smoking rates.
Overall current smoking rates and daily mean cigarettes smoked were lower in community where SFO had been implemented compared to those without implementation, and there was a significant difference in smoking rates between 2010 and 2008. Cross-sectional analysis of the effects of regional SFO revealed clear difference in rate of current smoking, but longitudinal analysis showed no significant differences. Stratifying by age groups, however, showed that groups less than 30 years of age had low smoking rates in community with ordinance compared to those without SFO since 2010. Yearly surveys measuring the number of cigarettes smoked, attempts to quit smoking, and experiences of smoke-free campaigns showed regional differences in the duration of implementation, but these differences were not significant in longitudinal analysis. Furthermore, there was a difference in regional socioeconomic characteristics between community with and without SFO implementation.
For effective smoking control, it is necessary to evaluate current policies and develop indices to evaluate the practical implementation of ordinances. As more communities to pass the SFO, long-term observation and assessments required.
自 2010 年 8 月以来，作为无烟政策之一，社区已经制定了无烟条例。因此，本研究旨在利用多年的社区健康调查（CHS）数据评估社区级无烟条例（SFO）对男性吸烟率的影响。
社区级 SFO 的数据从增强地方法律和法规信息系统的网站上收集。区域性吸烟相关数据来自 2008 年至 2012 年的 CHS 数据，计算了男性当前吸烟率、戒烟尝试率和无烟运动经验的年龄标准化率，包括平均吸烟量（吸烟量）。采用重复测量方差分析评估区域 SFO 实施和持续时间对吸烟率变化的影响。
总体而言，实施 SFO 的社区当前吸烟率和每日平均吸烟量低于未实施的社区，并且 2010 年与 2008 年之间的吸烟率存在显著差异。区域性 SFO 效果的横断面分析显示当前吸烟率存在明显差异，但纵向分析显示无显著差异。然而，按年龄组分层显示，2010 年以来，年龄在 30 岁以下的群体在有条例的社区中吸烟率较低，而在没有 SFO 的社区中吸烟率较高。每年进行的吸烟量、戒烟尝试和无烟运动经验调查显示，实施持续时间存在区域差异，但纵向分析无显著差异。此外，有 SFO 实施和未实施的社区之间在区域社会经济特征方面存在差异。
为了有效控制吸烟，有必要评估当前政策并制定评估条例实际执行情况的指标。随着越来越多的社区通过 SFO，需要进行长期观察和评估。
