Matikas Alexios, Mavroudis Dimitrios
Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital of Heraklion, Heraklion, Crete, Greece.
Future Oncol. 2015;11(6):997-1009. doi: 10.2217/fon.14.287.
The treatment of metastatic melanoma is rapidly evolving. The discovery of BRAF and MEK inhibitors was an important milestone. Unfortunately, although response rates are high, disease progression is universal. Despite the success of IL-2 and adjuvant IFL-α2b, these two agents remained the only approved immunotherapy approaches. In recent years, the use of immunotherapy has drawn attention with the recognition of the mechanisms of tumor immune evasion. Blockade of these mechanisms may improve outcomes. However, the potential adverse events, the optimal use of these modalities, the high cost and the absence of predictive markers remain unmet challenges. Herein, we review the immunotherapy strategies in melanoma, either approved or under evaluation, and present the relevant data concerning their efficacy and safety.
转移性黑色素瘤的治疗正在迅速发展。BRAF和MEK抑制剂的发现是一个重要的里程碑。不幸的是，尽管缓解率很高，但疾病进展却很普遍。尽管IL-2和辅助IFL-α2b取得了成功，但这两种药物仍然是仅有的获批免疫治疗方法。近年来，随着对肿瘤免疫逃逸机制的认识，免疫治疗的应用受到了关注。阻断这些机制可能会改善治疗结果。然而，潜在的不良事件、这些治疗方式的最佳使用、高昂的成本以及缺乏预测标志物仍然是尚未解决的挑战。在此，我们综述了黑色素瘤中已获批或正在评估的免疫治疗策略，并展示了有关其疗效和安全性的相关数据。
