Mozgova Iva, Köhler Claudia, Hennig Lars
Department of Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, SE-75007, Uppsala, Sweden.
Plant J. 2015 Jul;83(1):121-32. doi: 10.1111/tpj.12828. Epub 2015 Apr 6.
Plant ontogeny relies on the correct timing and sequence of transitions between individual developmental phases. These are specified by gene expression patterns that are established by the balanced action of activators and repressors. Polycomb repressive complexes (PRCs) represent an evolutionarily conserved system of epigenetic gene repression that governs the establishment and maintenance of cell, tissue and organ identity, contributing to the correct execution of the developmental programs. PRC2 is a four-subunit histone methyltransferase complex that catalyzes trimethylation of lysine 27 on histone H3 (H3K27me3), which contributes to the change of chromatin structure and long-lasting gene repression. Here, we review the composition and molecular function of the different known PRC2 complexes in plants, and focus on the role of PRC2 in mediating the establishment of different developmental phases and transitions between them.
植物个体发育依赖于各个发育阶段之间正确的时间安排和转变顺序。这些是由激活因子和抑制因子的平衡作用所建立的基因表达模式来指定的。多梳抑制复合物（PRCs）代表了一种表观遗传基因抑制的进化保守系统，它控制细胞、组织和器官身份的建立和维持，有助于发育程序的正确执行。PRC2是一种四亚基组蛋白甲基转移酶复合物，它催化组蛋白H3上赖氨酸27的三甲基化（H3K27me3），这有助于染色质结构的改变和持久的基因抑制。在这里，我们综述了植物中不同已知PRC2复合物的组成和分子功能，并重点关注PRC2在介导不同发育阶段的建立以及它们之间的转变中的作用。
