Diamond Elan, Garcias María del Carmen, Karir Beerinder, Tagawa Scott T
Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, 525 East 68th Street, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
Curr Treat Options Oncol. 2015 Feb;16(2):9. doi: 10.1007/s11864-014-0324-2.
Prostate cancer (PC) is the most common cancer in men in the United States. Although outcomes are excellent for early-stage disease, survival for men with metastatic PC is limited. While older studies did not supported the use of chemotherapy in PC, the efficacy of taxane chemotherapy plus prednisone is now well established in men with metastatic castration resistant PC (CRPC). The results of CHAARTED trial have further expanded the use of chemotherapy to patients with metastatic hormone-sensitive disease. The clinical efficacy of taxanes over other chemotherapeutics may be a result of its ability to inhibit microtubule-dependent trafficking of proteins such as the androgen-receptor (AR). Ongoing research uses chemotherapy earlier in the disease course as well as explores the utility of combining cytotoxic chemotherapy with biologic agents.
前列腺癌（PC）是美国男性中最常见的癌症。尽管早期疾病的治疗效果很好，但转移性PC男性患者的生存率有限。虽然早期研究不支持在PC中使用化疗，但紫杉烷化疗联合泼尼松在转移性去势抵抗性PC（CRPC）男性患者中的疗效现已得到充分证实。CHAARTED试验的结果进一步扩大了化疗在转移性激素敏感性疾病患者中的应用。紫杉烷相对于其他化疗药物的临床疗效可能是由于其能够抑制诸如雄激素受体（AR）等蛋白质的微管依赖性运输。正在进行的研究在疾病进程中更早地使用化疗，并探索将细胞毒性化疗与生物制剂联合使用的效用。
