Wiśniewska Barbara, Marciniak Aleksandra, Rutkowska-Nawrocka Jolanta, Ciećwież Michał, Szydłowska Iwona, Starczewski Andrzej
Pomerianian Medical University of Szczecin, Poland, Department of Ginecology and Uroginecology.
Pol Merkur Lekarski. 2015 Jan;38(223):51-4.
One of the most common women's chronic diseases is urine incontinence (UI). Currently considered to be a social disease of women in all age groups. The etiology of urine incontinence is multifactorial and the most common is stress urinary incontinence (SUI). UI is a interdisciplinary problem, lying in the sphere of interests of different specialties. According to the recommendations of the Polish Gynecological Society IU diagnostics can be divided into a preliminary stage and specialized stage. Initial diagnosis should start by gathering medical history and it can be completed by quality of life questionnaire. Today, one of the non-invasive diagnostic methods is the ultrasound study. In a situation where diagnosis can not be placed or when surgical treatment is needed, the patient should have urodynamic study. Conservative methods and surgery are used in the treatment of SUI. Conservative procedure should be the first choice in patients with symptoms of IU. Over 200 types of various operations have been described in the history of the surgical treatment of SUI. Until now the most common are: Burch colposuspension, TVT and TOT and implantation of an artificial sphincter.
女性最常见的慢性病之一是尿失禁（UI）。目前被认为是所有年龄段女性的一种社会性疾病。尿失禁的病因是多方面的，最常见的是压力性尿失禁（SUI）。尿失禁是一个跨学科问题，属于不同专业领域的研究范畴。根据波兰妇科协会的建议，尿失禁的诊断可分为初步阶段和专业阶段。初步诊断应从收集病史开始，并可通过生活质量问卷来完成。如今，超声检查是一种非侵入性诊断方法。在无法确诊或需要手术治疗的情况下，患者应进行尿动力学检查。压力性尿失禁的治疗方法包括保守治疗和手术治疗。保守治疗应是有尿失禁症状患者的首选。在压力性尿失禁的外科治疗史上，已描述了200多种不同的手术方式。到目前为止，最常见的有：Burch阴道悬吊术、经阴道无张力尿道中段吊带术（TVT）和经闭孔无张力尿道中段吊带术（TOT）以及人工括约肌植入术。
