Holroyd Kate, Humm Karen
Department of Clinical Science and Services, Queen Mother Hospital for Animals, Royal Veterinary College, North Mymms, Hertfordshire, UK
Department of Clinical Science and Services, Queen Mother Hospital for Animals, Royal Veterinary College, North Mymms, Hertfordshire, UK.
J Feline Med Surg. 2016 Feb;18(2):172-5. doi: 10.1177/1098612X15577845. Epub 2015 Mar 17.
This study aimed to determine the standards of care for urethral catheters (UCs) placed in male cats for treatment of urethral obstruction (UO). It also assessed whether these standards were influenced by year of graduation of the veterinary surgeon (VS).
One hundred veterinary practices were randomly selected, and a telephone survey was conducted with a VS in the practice. Regarding the last urethral catheterisation performed for a male cat with UO, the VS was asked about the use of antibiotics while the catheter was in situ, whether a closed urinary collection system was used, whether aseptic skin preparation of the patient was performed and whether aseptic hand preparation was performed. A χ(2) test was used to determine whether there were significant differences in these percentages when considering year of graduation.
Twenty-seven percent of VSs did not use antibiotics while the urethral catheter was in place, 44% used closed urinary collection systems, 41% performed aseptic skin preparation of the patient and 60% aseptically prepared their hands and wore sterile gloves. There was a statistically significant (P <0.01) difference in antibiotic usage, closed collection system usage and aseptic hand preparation across graduation year groups.
Non-sterile urethral catheter placement with open urinary drainage and antibiotic prophylaxis is still a widespread practice among VSs; however, more recent graduates are more likely to perform the procedure aseptically with a closed urinary collection system and withholding of antibiotics. There is a need for further education for postgraduate veterinarians in the prevention of catheter-associated urinary tract infections in cats and further research to provide evidence-based guidelines for feline urethral catheter care.
本研究旨在确定用于治疗雄性猫尿道阻塞（UO）的尿道导管（UC）的护理标准。同时评估这些标准是否受兽医（VS）毕业年份的影响。
随机选择100家兽医诊所，并对诊所中的一名VS进行电话调查。关于最近一次为患有UO的雄性猫进行的尿道插管，询问VS在导管留置期间是否使用抗生素、是否使用封闭尿液收集系统、是否对患者进行无菌皮肤准备以及是否进行无菌手部准备。使用χ(2)检验来确定在考虑毕业年份时这些百分比是否存在显著差异。
27%的VS在尿道导管留置期间未使用抗生素，44%使用封闭尿液收集系统，41%对患者进行无菌皮肤准备，60%进行无菌手部准备并佩戴无菌手套。不同毕业年份组在抗生素使用、封闭收集系统使用和无菌手部准备方面存在统计学显著差异（P <0.01）。
采用开放尿液引流且不进行抗生素预防的非无菌尿道导管放置在VS中仍然是一种普遍做法；然而，较新毕业的兽医更有可能采用封闭尿液收集系统并停用抗生素进行无菌操作。需要对研究生兽医进行关于预防猫导管相关尿路感染的进一步教育，并进行进一步研究以提供基于证据的猫尿道导管护理指南。
