Department of Astronomy, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Los Angeles, 430 Portola Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Science. 2015 Apr 24;348(6233):413-8. doi: 10.1126/science.aaa2208. Epub 2015 Mar 19.
Dust formation in supernova ejecta is currently the leading candidate to explain the large quantities of dust observed in the distant, early universe. However, it is unclear whether the ejecta-formed dust can survive the hot interior of the supernova remnant (SNR). We present infrared observations of 0.02 solar masses of warm (100 kelvin) dust seen near the center of the ~10,000-year-old Sagittarius A East SNR at the Galactic center. Our findings indicate the detection of dust within an older SNR that is expanding into a relatively dense surrounding medium (electron density ~10(3) centimeters(-3)) and has survived the passage of the reverse shock. The results suggest that supernovae may be the dominant dust-production mechanism in the dense environment of galaxies of the early universe.
在超新星爆发抛出物中形成尘埃目前是解释在遥远的早期宇宙中观测到大量尘埃的主要候选者。然而，目前尚不清楚抛出物形成的尘埃是否能在超新星遗迹（SNR）的热内部中幸存下来。我们展示了在银河系中心约 10000 岁的人马座 A 东部 SNR 中心附近观测到的约 0.02 个太阳质量的温暖（约 100 开尔文）尘埃的红外观测结果。我们的发现表明，在一个较老的 SNR 中探测到了尘埃，该 SNR 正在膨胀到相对密集的周围介质中（电子密度约为 10^3 厘米^(-3))，并且已经在反向激波的通过中幸存下来。结果表明，超新星可能是早期宇宙中星系密集环境中主要的尘埃产生机制。
