Ohashi Y, Osada H
Ibaraki Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Ibaraki 300-0394, Japan.
Tokyo Metropolitan College of Allied Medical Sciences, Tokyo 116-0012, Japan.
J Jpn Phys Ther Assoc. 1998;1(1):7-11. doi: 10.1298/jjpta.1.7.
The present study was designed to investigate the nature of motor information processing in the intertrial intervals of a discrete motor task. In Experiment 1, the subjects were given the task of grasping the dynamometer with an intensity yielding a value as close as possible to the target value (40% of the subject's maximum grasping power). The exercise session consisted of 5 trials without Knowledge of Results (NO-KR phase), and 30 trials with Knowledge of Results (KR phase). In the KR phase, one of the two interpolated tasks, one was a verbal task and the other was a motor task, was given during the KR delay interval or the post-KR delay interval. Performance level in the exercise session was measured by constant error and variable error. In Experiment 2, the degrees of difficulty in the two types of interpolated tasks used in Experiment 1 were measured. The main results of our experiments were as follows; (1) Although the results of Experiment 2 showed that the difficulty of the verbal interpolated task was exceeded that of the motor interpolated task, only variable errors of the groups which had executed the motor interpolated task were increased. If the kinetic sense was changed by executing the motor interpolated task, constant error should have increased. The results of Experiment 1, however, showed no difference in constant error, suggesting that the occurrence of interference by the motor interpolated task is related to the capacity of the motor short term memory space. (2) In the latter period of the KR phase, variable error of the group in which the motor task was interpolated during the KR delay interval was at the same level as that of the control group. Whereas variable error of the group in which the motor task was interpolated during the post-KR delay interval exceeded that of the control group over the whole of the KR phase. These results suggest information processing during the post-KR delay interval has more influence on performance than that during the KR delay interval.
本研究旨在调查离散运动任务的试验间隔中运动信息处理的本质。在实验1中，受试者被给予一项任务，即握住测力计，使其产生的值尽可能接近目标值（受试者最大握力的40%）。练习环节包括5次无结果反馈（无KR阶段）的试验，以及30次有结果反馈（KR阶段）的试验。在KR阶段，在KR延迟间隔或KR后延迟间隔期间给予两项插入任务中的一项，一项是言语任务，另一项是运动任务。练习环节中的表现水平通过恒定误差和可变误差来衡量。在实验2中，测量了实验1中使用的两种类型插入任务的难度。我们实验的主要结果如下：（1）尽管实验2的结果表明言语插入任务的难度超过了运动插入任务，但只有执行运动插入任务的组的可变误差增加了。如果通过执行运动插入任务改变了动觉，恒定误差应该会增加。然而，实验1的结果表明恒定误差没有差异，这表明运动插入任务产生的干扰与运动短期记忆空间的容量有关。（2）在KR阶段后期，在KR延迟间隔期间插入运动任务的组的可变误差与对照组处于同一水平。而在KR后延迟间隔期间插入运动任务的组的可变误差在整个KR阶段都超过了对照组。这些结果表明，KR后延迟间隔期间的信息处理对表现的影响比KR延迟间隔期间的更大。
