Tavasoli Azita, Aliabadi Faranak, Eftekhari Rooholah
Department of Pediatric Neurology, Ali-Asghar Children's Hospital.
Occupational Therapist, Faculty of Rehabilitation Science, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Iran J Pediatr. 2014 Oct;24(5):581-6. Epub 2014 Aug 15.
Motor development is frequently reported to be impaired in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants, but little is known about the moderately low birth weight (MLBW) infants. The aim of this study was to investigate whether MLBW preterm infants present developmental delay.
In a historical cohort study, 18±2 month-old infants with a history of low birth weight (LBW) were identified. All infants with complications of LBW with negative effects on development were excluded. Healthy infants with normal birth weight (2500-4000 g) were included as controls. All infants were evaluated by the Peabody Developmental Motor Scale II (PDMS-2) test and final scores compared between the two groups.
88 infants including 58 MLBW and 30 NBW with a mean birth weight of 1900±382.4 g and 3150±473.5 g respectively, were studied. In the MLBW group, gross and fine motor skill scores were below average in 6 (6.8%) and 10 (17%) infants, respectively. There were no significant differences between the two groups according to gross motor quotient (102.5±5.5 in NBW vs 100.1±7.2 in MLBW; P=0.1), but MLBW infants achieved significantly lower scores in fine motor (93.3±5.4 vs 99.6±5.0; P=0.001) and total motor quotient (97.0±5.9 vs 101.53±5.0; P=0.001).
The finding of this study show developmental defects in fine motor skills in MLBW infants. Accurate monitoring of the developmental status of this population should be emphasized for an earlier recognition and intervention.
经常有报道称极低出生体重（VLBW）婴儿的运动发育受损，但对于中度低出生体重（MLBW）婴儿却知之甚少。本研究的目的是调查MLBW早产儿是否存在发育迟缓。
在一项历史性队列研究中，确定了有低出生体重（LBW）病史的18±2个月大的婴儿。所有有对发育有负面影响的LBW并发症的婴儿均被排除。纳入出生体重正常（2500 - 4000克）的健康婴儿作为对照。所有婴儿均通过皮博迪发育运动量表II（PDMS - 2）测试进行评估，并比较两组的最终得分。
研究了88名婴儿，其中58名MLBW婴儿和30名正常出生体重（NBW）婴儿，平均出生体重分别为1900±382.4克和3150±473.5克。在MLBW组中，分别有6名（6.8%）和10名（17%）婴儿的粗大运动和精细运动技能得分低于平均水平。两组之间的粗大运动商数无显著差异（NBW组为102.5±5.5，MLBW组为100.1±7.2；P = 0.1），但MLBW婴儿的精细运动（93.3±5.4对99.6±5.0；P = 0.001）和总运动商数（97.0±5.9对101.53±5.0；P = 0.001）得分显著更低。
本研究结果显示MLBW婴儿存在精细运动技能发育缺陷。应强调对该人群发育状况的准确监测，以便早期识别和干预。
